{"title":"韩国老龄化纵向研究中功能水平对45岁及45岁以上成人认知功能的影响","authors":"Hyeongsuk Lee, Eunok Park","doi":"10.1111/ajag.70014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>This study aimed to analyse the potential factors affecting cognitive function, focusing on the functional level, by utilising longitudinal data from adults aged 45 years and older.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>This was a secondary data analysis using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) covering multiple waves of the survey. Cognitive function was measured using the Korean mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE), and activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), diseases, hearing and visual impairments, and depression were included as independent variables. A fixed-effects model was used to assess the influence of independent variables on cognitive function over time.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Cognitive function, as measured using the K-MMSE, declined significantly, with the proportion of participants with normal cognition decreasing from 76% in the first wave to 68% in the eighth wave. Cognitive impairment and suspected dementia cases increased over time, and the average K-MMSE score dropped from 25.44 ± 5.31 to 24.71 ± 5.56. Panel regression analysis showed that impairments in ADL (b = −.44, <i>p</i> < .001) and IADL (b = −.64, <i>p</i> < .001), depression, and hearing and visual impairments were significantly associated with lower cognitive function. In addition, hypertension, cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular accidents, psychiatric diseases and arthritis were significantly associated with cognitive decline. After adjusting for these factors, cognitive function still decreased significantly over time, explaining 75% of the variance in K-MMSE scores (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = .75).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This study confirmed that IADL and ADL predict cognitive impairment, with IADL limitation significantly contributing to cognitive decline in the study participants. Evaluating IADL, ADL, and other chronic health conditions in adults aged 45 and older can help identify individuals at risk for cognitive impairment.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":55431,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal on Ageing","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajag.70014","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Impact of functional level on cognitive function in adults aged 45 and older than 45 years in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging\",\"authors\":\"Hyeongsuk Lee, Eunok Park\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/ajag.70014\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Objective</h3>\\n \\n <p>This study aimed to analyse the potential factors affecting cognitive function, focusing on the functional level, by utilising longitudinal data from adults aged 45 years and older.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>This was a secondary data analysis using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) covering multiple waves of the survey. Cognitive function was measured using the Korean mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE), and activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), diseases, hearing and visual impairments, and depression were included as independent variables. A fixed-effects model was used to assess the influence of independent variables on cognitive function over time.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Cognitive function, as measured using the K-MMSE, declined significantly, with the proportion of participants with normal cognition decreasing from 76% in the first wave to 68% in the eighth wave. Cognitive impairment and suspected dementia cases increased over time, and the average K-MMSE score dropped from 25.44 ± 5.31 to 24.71 ± 5.56. Panel regression analysis showed that impairments in ADL (b = −.44, <i>p</i> < .001) and IADL (b = −.64, <i>p</i> < .001), depression, and hearing and visual impairments were significantly associated with lower cognitive function. In addition, hypertension, cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular accidents, psychiatric diseases and arthritis were significantly associated with cognitive decline. After adjusting for these factors, cognitive function still decreased significantly over time, explaining 75% of the variance in K-MMSE scores (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = .75).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>This study confirmed that IADL and ADL predict cognitive impairment, with IADL limitation significantly contributing to cognitive decline in the study participants. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的利用45岁及以上成人的纵向数据，从功能层面分析影响认知功能的潜在因素。方法采用韩国老龄化纵向研究（KLoSA）的数据进行二次数据分析，涵盖了调查的多个阶段。使用韩国迷你精神状态检查（K-MMSE）测量认知功能，并将日常生活活动（ADL）、日常生活工具活动（IADL）、疾病、听力和视觉障碍以及抑郁作为自变量。固定效应模型用于评估随时间变化的自变量对认知功能的影响。结果认知功能（K-MMSE）显著下降，认知正常的受试者比例从第一波的76%下降到第八波的68%。随着时间的推移，认知障碍和疑似痴呆病例增加，K-MMSE平均评分从25.44±5.31降至24.71±5.56。面板回归分析显示，ADL损伤(b =−。44, p < .001)和IADL (b =−。64, p < .001)、抑郁、听力和视觉障碍与认知功能低下显著相关。此外，高血压、癌症、心脏病、脑血管意外、精神疾病和关节炎与认知能力下降显著相关。在调整了这些因素后，随着时间的推移，认知功能仍然显著下降，解释了K-MMSE评分中75%的方差（R2 = 0.75）。结论本研究证实，IADL和ADL可预测认知障碍，IADL限制显著导致研究参与者的认知能力下降。评估45岁及以上成年人的IADL、ADL和其他慢性健康状况可以帮助识别有认知障碍风险的个体。
Impact of functional level on cognitive function in adults aged 45 and older than 45 years in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
Objective
This study aimed to analyse the potential factors affecting cognitive function, focusing on the functional level, by utilising longitudinal data from adults aged 45 years and older.
Methods
This was a secondary data analysis using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) covering multiple waves of the survey. Cognitive function was measured using the Korean mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE), and activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), diseases, hearing and visual impairments, and depression were included as independent variables. A fixed-effects model was used to assess the influence of independent variables on cognitive function over time.
Results
Cognitive function, as measured using the K-MMSE, declined significantly, with the proportion of participants with normal cognition decreasing from 76% in the first wave to 68% in the eighth wave. Cognitive impairment and suspected dementia cases increased over time, and the average K-MMSE score dropped from 25.44 ± 5.31 to 24.71 ± 5.56. Panel regression analysis showed that impairments in ADL (b = −.44, p < .001) and IADL (b = −.64, p < .001), depression, and hearing and visual impairments were significantly associated with lower cognitive function. In addition, hypertension, cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular accidents, psychiatric diseases and arthritis were significantly associated with cognitive decline. After adjusting for these factors, cognitive function still decreased significantly over time, explaining 75% of the variance in K-MMSE scores (R2 = .75).
Conclusions
This study confirmed that IADL and ADL predict cognitive impairment, with IADL limitation significantly contributing to cognitive decline in the study participants. Evaluating IADL, ADL, and other chronic health conditions in adults aged 45 and older can help identify individuals at risk for cognitive impairment.
期刊介绍：
Australasian Journal on Ageing is a peer reviewed journal, which publishes original work in any area of gerontology and geriatric medicine. It welcomes international submissions, particularly from authors in the Asia Pacific region.
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