基于对福岛第一核电站风险和危机管理组织失误的分析，提出了一种包含认知偏差（CB）的灾难或事故预防SHEL模型。

IF 2 3区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Ergonomics Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1080/00140139.2025.2473036

Atsuo Murata, Toshihisa Doi, Waldemar Karwowski

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究表明，认知偏差导致现场设备(L)与软件(S)、硬件(H)、环境(E)或现场设备(L)之间的不适当互动，导致风险和危机管理中的冒险决策和组织失败，从而导致福岛第一核电站灾难。通过对191起事故或灾难的分析，进一步证实了该模型在其他事故或灾难中包含认知偏差的有效性。从认知偏差导致的现场直播与软件、硬件、环境或现场直播交互不足的角度出发，提出了一个包含认知偏差（CB）的SHEL模型，以防止事故或灾难的发生，作为我们从福岛第一核电站灾难中吸取的教训。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Proposal of cognitive bias (CB)-incorporated SHEL model to prevent disasters or crashes based on analyses of organisational failures in risk and crisis management in the Fukushima Daiichi disaster.

This study demonstrated that cognitive biases contributed to inappropriate interactions between liveware (L) and software (S), hardware (H), environment (E), or liveware (L), leading to the risk-taking decision and the organisational failures in risk and crisis management that caused the Fukushima Daiichi disaster. The validity of the model's inclusion of cognitive biases in other crashes or disasters was further confirmed by analysing 191 cases of crashes or disasters. As a lesson that we should learn from the Fukushima Daiichi disaster on how to prevent a future disaster, we proposed a cognitive bias (CB)-incorporated SHEL model for the prevention of crashes or disasters from the viewpoints of inadequate interactions between liveware and software, hardware, environment, or liveware resulting from cognitive biases.

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来源期刊

Ergonomics 工程技术-工程：工业

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

12.50%

发文量

147

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Ergonomics, also known as human factors, is the scientific discipline that seeks to understand and improve human interactions with products, equipment, environments and systems. Drawing upon human biology, psychology, engineering and design, Ergonomics aims to develop and apply knowledge and techniques to optimise system performance, whilst protecting the health, safety and well-being of individuals involved. The attention of ergonomics extends across work, leisure and other aspects of our daily lives. The journal Ergonomics is an international refereed publication, with a 60 year tradition of disseminating high quality research. Original submissions, both theoretical and applied, are invited from across the subject, including physical, cognitive, organisational and environmental ergonomics. Papers reporting the findings of research from cognate disciplines are also welcome, where these contribute to understanding equipment, tasks, jobs, systems and environments and the corresponding needs, abilities and limitations of people. All published research articles in this journal have undergone rigorous peer review, based on initial editor screening and anonymous refereeing by independent expert referees.