外源酶预处理提高虹鳟(Onchorhynchus mykiss)对高碳水化合物饲料的利用:对生长、消化率、鱼片质量和基因表达的影响

IF 2.5 3区 农林科学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Aref Heshmati, Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari, Roghieh Safari, Ghasem Rashidian
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引用次数: 0

摘要

外源酶用于提高原料消化率、鱼体整体生长和饲料利用率;然而,不同的给药方法尚未得到广泛的研究。在本研究中,在生产高碳水化合物饲料(33%碳水化合物)之前(B3、B6、B12和B24小时)、期间(D)和之后(a)分别使用混合糖酶(α-淀粉酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和β-葡聚糖酶),评估其对虹鳟生长和饲料利用的影响。以日粮中可利用的小麦粉和豆粕为基础,通过二硝基水杨酸(DNS)还原糖试验确定酶的最低添加水平。配制7种等能饲料(21 kJ/g)和等氮饲料(40%),投喂鱼(n = 210, 17.41±1.76 g) 8周。B6和B3组的整体生长参数有所改善,FCR值最低(分别为0.84和0.85),增重、PER和SGR显著高于其他处理。B3组蛋白质、脂肪、灰分和干物质的表观消化率显著提高。此外,B3中DHA和omega-3脂肪酸含量也有所增加(p 0.05)。原料(B3和B6)的预处理可能诱导了蛋白质节约效应,正如更高的PER和增加的氨基酸保留在鱼片中所表明的那样
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exogenous enzyme pretreatment improves utilization of high-carbohydrate diets in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss): effects on growth, digestibility, fillet quality, and gene expression.

Exogenous enzymes are used to enhance ingredient digestibility, overall fish growth, and feed utilization; however, different administration methods have not been extensively studied. In this study, a mixture of carbohydrases (α-amylase, cellulase, xylanase, and β-glucanase) was applied before (at B3, B6, B12, and B24 hours), during (D), or after (A) the production of high-carbohydrate diets (33% carbohydrates) to assess their effects on the growth and feed utilization of rainbow trout. The enzymes were added to the diets at the minimum required levels, determined by a reducing sugar test with dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) based on the available wheat flour and soybean meal in the diet. Seven isoenergetic (21 kJ/g) and isonitrogenous (40%) diets were formulated and fed to fish (n = 210, 17.41 ± 1.76 g) for 8 weeks. Overall growth parameters improved in the B6 and B3 groups, which also showed the lowest FCR values (0.84 and 0.85, respectively) and significantly higher weight gain, PER, and SGR compared to the other treatments. The apparent digestibility of protein, lipid, ash, and dry matter was significantly enhanced in the B3 group. Additionally, DHA and omega-3 fatty acid content increased in B3 (p < 0.05), although no significant differences were observed in fillet contents of EPA and ARA (arachidonic acid) between treatments (p > 0.05). The pretreatment of ingredients (B3 and B6) likely induced a protein-sparing effect, as indicated by higher PER and increased amino acid retention in the fillets (p < 0.05). Moreover, higher metabolizable energy and glucose levels led to significant upregulation of the ghrelin hormone (GHRL), growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) genes in the B3 and B6 treatments (p < 0.05). In conclusion, pretreatment of ingredients (soybean meal and wheat flour) with optimized multienzyme doses improved digestibility and activated regulatory genes, resulting in enhanced growth, feed utilization, and fillet quality in high-carbohydrate diets for rainbow trout.

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来源期刊
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 农林科学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
6.90%
发文量
106
审稿时长
4 months
期刊介绍: Fish Physiology and Biochemistry is an international journal publishing original research papers in all aspects of the physiology and biochemistry of fishes. Coverage includes experimental work in such topics as biochemistry of organisms, organs, tissues and cells; structure of organs, tissues, cells and organelles related to their function; nutritional, osmotic, ionic, respiratory and excretory homeostasis; nerve and muscle physiology; endocrinology; reproductive physiology; energetics; biochemical and physiological effects of toxicants; molecular biology and biotechnology and more.
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