利用eDNA评估河流系统中的日本鳗鱼种群:季节性变化和限制自然增养的适度放养效果

IF 2.2 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Hiroki Hata, Naoki Yamashita, Mikio Inoue, Shoichiro Yamamoto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)是西太平洋地区的一种高度濒危物种,尽管它在渔业中具有很高的商业价值。为了增加这种地下栖鱼类的渔业资源,日本每年都在许多河流中进行鳗鱼放养计划。这些项目包括在河口捕获自然招募的玻璃鳗鱼,在人工池塘中养殖,然后将它们释放到河流中。然而,这些放养努力对鳗鱼种群的影响尚不清楚。近年来,环境DNA (environmental DNA, eDNA)已成为评估水生环境中目标物种生物量的有效工具。本研究旨在利用物种特异性eDNA标记评价日本西部重信河水系3年来日本鳗鲡种群的时空变化和放养效果,该水系有大量的防沙水坝和堰,鳗鱼在这些堰的上游和下游进行放养。结果表明,eDNA浓度与捕获鳗鱼的密度和生物量显著相关,证实了eDNA检测在鳗鱼种群评估中的有效性。下游的eDNA浓度、捕获密度和生物量均高于上游。放养后,上游放养地点的eDNA浓度增加并保持在较高水平,而这些地点的自然补充被控沙水坝阻挡。eDNA浓度的季节性变化在下游最明显,在那里发生自然招募。这些发现表明,在限制自然捕捞的地区,放养增加了鳗鱼种群数量,但与自然捕捞相比,效果并不明显。因此,应优先考虑基于生态系统的栖息地管理,包括栖息地恢复和连通性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessing Japanese Eel Populations in a River System Using eDNA: Seasonal Variation and Modest Effectiveness of Stocking Where Natural Recruitment Is Restricted

Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, is a highly endangered species in the Western Pacific region despite its high commercial value in fisheries. To enhance fisheries resources of this catadromous fish, eel stocking programs are conducted annually in many rivers across Japan. These programs involve capturing naturally recruited glass eels at river mouths, farming them in artificial ponds and releasing them into rivers. However, the impact of these stocking efforts on eel populations remains unclear. Recently, environmental DNA (eDNA) has emerged as an effective tool for assessing the biomass of target species in aquatic environments. This study aims to evaluate the spatiotemporal changes in Japanese eel population over 3 years and the effect of stocking using species-specific eDNA marker in the Shigenobu River system in western Japan, where numerous sediment-control dams and weirs are present, and eel stocking is conducted both upstream and downstream of these barriers. Our results show that eDNA concentration was significantly correlated with both the density and biomass of captured eels, confirming the effectiveness of eDNA assays for eel stock assessment. eDNA concentrations, as well as captured density and biomass, were higher downstream than upstream. After stocking, eDNA concentrations increased and remained elevated at upstream stocking sites where natural recruitment was blocked by sediment-control dams. Seasonal variation in eDNA concentrations was most pronounced downstream, where natural recruitment occurs. These findings suggest that stocking enhances eel populations in areas where natural recruitment is restricted, but the effect is modest compared to natural recruitment. Therefore, ecosystem-based habitat management, including habitat restoration and connectivity, should be prioritized for eel conservation.

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来源期刊
Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
4.20%
发文量
143
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems is an international journal dedicated to publishing original papers that relate specifically to freshwater, brackish or marine habitats and encouraging work that spans these ecosystems. This journal provides a forum in which all aspects of the conservation of aquatic biological resources can be presented and discussed, enabling greater cooperation and efficiency in solving problems in aquatic resource conservation.
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