代理,社会网络,以及对环境变化的适应

IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Michele L Barnes , Sarah Sutcliffe , Innocent Muly , Nyawira Muthiga , Stephen Wanyonyi , Petr Matous , Michael Murunga
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球范围内的环境变化正在加剧,威胁着数百万人的生计和福祉。在全球范围内,已经投入了大量的努力和资源来支持受影响社区的适应项目,以应对这些变化。然而,并不是每个人都有同样的适应能力,指导适应决策,并为展望未来做出贡献。利用代理、社会网络和适应理论,并采用独特的时间序列数据集,包括肯尼亚五个沿海社区的653个人,在这里,我们研究了适应决策中的代理是如何在社会上分化的,以及随着时间的推移,谁能够提高代理水平方面存在的差异。我们的研究结果表明,参与地方环境决策过程(在适应环境变化的过程中进行协商)与有效权力感密切相关。然而,这种权力主要集中在年龄较大的个人、社区领导人、拥有更多资产的人以及与领导人有社会关系的人身上——这表明,现有的社会等级和资源差异推动了适应决策。随着时间的推移,代理变化的唯一显著预测因素是网络暴露:与那些积极参与环境决策的人(个人代理)直接接触的个体可能会更多地参与环境决策;然而,随着时间的推移,与被动参与的伴侣(代理机构)的接触导致代理机构的减少。我们的研究结果表明,通过社会网络,代理存在动态的连锁反应,表明社会网络既可以催化也可以抑制通过参与环境决策而对适应决策的有效权力的感知。我们的研究结果强调了社会网络在促进和约束代理方面的重要性,强调了领导和权力动态在环境决策和地方主导的适应中的作用,并为未来促进包容性和公正适应的研究奠定了基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Agency, social networks, and adaptation to environmental change
Environmental change is escalating across the globe, threatening the livelihoods and wellbeing of millions of people. Substantial effort and resources have been committed at a global scale to support adaptation projects in affected communities to confront these changes. Yet not everyone has equal capabilities to adapt, guide adaptation decisions, and contribute to envisioning alternative futures. Drawing on theories of agency, social networks, and adaptation and employing a unique time-series dataset including 653 individuals across five Kenyan coastal communities, here we examine how agency over adaptation decisions is socially differentiated and the disparities that exist regarding who is able to bolster their level of agency over time. Our results show that involvement in local environmental decision-making processes, where adaptation to environmental change is negotiated, is strongly associated with feelings of effective power. Yet this power is largely concentrated among older individuals, community leaders, those with greater assets, and those with social ties to leaders – pointing to existing social hierarchies and resource differentials that drive adaptation decisions. The only significant predictor of changes in agency over time was network exposure: individuals with direct contact with those who were actively involved in environmental decision-making (individual agency) were likely to become more involved themselves; yet contact with passively involved partners (proxy agency) led to decreases in agency over time. Our results suggest a dynamic ripple effect in agency through social networks, suggesting that social networks can both catalyse and inhibit perceptions of effective power over adaptation decisions through participation in environmental decision-making. Our findings underscore the importance of social networks in enabling and constraining agency, highlight the role of leadership and power dynamics in environmental decision-making and locally led adaptation, and provide a foundation for future research on fostering inclusive and just adaptation.
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来源期刊
Global Environmental Change
Global Environmental Change 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
18.20
自引率
2.20%
发文量
146
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Global Environmental Change is a prestigious international journal that publishes articles of high quality, both theoretically and empirically rigorous. The journal aims to contribute to the understanding of global environmental change from the perspectives of human and policy dimensions. Specifically, it considers global environmental change as the result of processes occurring at the local level, but with wide-ranging impacts on various spatial, temporal, and socio-political scales. In terms of content, the journal seeks articles with a strong social science component. This includes research that examines the societal drivers and consequences of environmental change, as well as social and policy processes that aim to address these challenges. While the journal covers a broad range of topics, including biodiversity and ecosystem services, climate, coasts, food systems, land use and land cover, oceans, urban areas, and water resources, it also welcomes contributions that investigate the drivers, consequences, and management of other areas affected by environmental change. Overall, Global Environmental Change encourages research that deepens our understanding of the complex interactions between human activities and the environment, with the goal of informing policy and decision-making.
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