社会背景的问题：邻里环境作为一个调节在美国老年人的牙齿和认知功能之间的纵向关系

IF 3.8 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Archives of gerontology and geriatrics Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2025.105806

Ruotong Liu , Xiang Qi , Weiyu Mao , Huabin Luo , Zhijing Xu , Bei Wu

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引用次数: 0

摘要

先前的研究表明，口腔健康状况不佳和周围环境都是老年人认知能力下降的危险因素。很少有研究评估口腔健康不良和邻里环境对认知健康的协同效应。本研究考察了社区环境是否会随着时间的推移调节齿状牙与认知功能之间的关系。方法使用健康与退休研究的数据，我们分析了9,994名60岁及以上的成年人，在14年（2006-2020）期间进行了39,976次人波观察。认知功能采用改进的认知状态电话访谈法进行测量。全牙状态为自报全牙脱落。邻里环境包括感知到的邻里凝聚力和无序性。我们使用线性混合效应模型来检验社区环境对牙髓与认知功能之间关系的调节作用。结果久坐不动的参与者（22.4%）与有牙齿的参与者相比，随着时间的推移认知功能下降加速（β = -0.57, 95% CI: -0.98, -0.16）。结果表明，邻域凝聚力在长牙化与认知功能的关系中起调节作用（β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.15）。具体而言，在邻里凝聚力较高的个体中，蛀牙对认知能力下降的负面影响减弱了。邻里障碍与认知功能无显著关联。结论牙齿发育与认知功能的关系因邻里凝聚力的高低而异。研究结果强调了社区环境在理解口腔健康与认知衰老之间关系中的重要性，并建议针对社区环境的干预措施可能对有口腔健康挑战的老年人特别相关。

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Social context matters: Neighborhood environment as a moderator of the longitudinal relationship between edentulism and cognitive function among older adults in the United States

Background

Previous research has shown poor oral health and neighborhood environment are both risk factors for cognitive decline among older adults. Little research has assessed the synergistic effects of poor oral health and neighborhood environment on cognitive health. This study examined whether neighborhood environment moderates the relationship between edentulism and cognitive function over time.

Methods

Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we analyzed 9,994 adults aged 60 and older with 39,976 person-wave observations over 14 years (2006–2020). Cognitive function was measured using the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. Edentulism status was self-reported complete tooth loss. Neighborhood environment included perceived neighborhood cohesion and disorder. We used linear mixed-effect models to examine the moderation effect of neighborhood environment on the association between edentulism and cognitive function over time.

Results

Edentulous participants (22.4 %) showed an accelerated decline over time in cognitive function compared to dentate participants (β = -0.57, 95 % CI: -0.98, -0.16). The analysis revealed that neighborhood cohesion moderated the relationship between edentulism and cognitive function over time (β = 0.08, 95 % CI: 0.01, 0.15). Specifically, among individuals reporting higher neighborhood cohesion, the negative effect of edentulism on cognitive decline was attenuated. Neighborhood disorder had no significant associations with cognitive function.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the relationship between edentulism and cognitive function varies by levels of neighborhood cohesion. The findings highlight the significance of neighborhood context in understanding the relationship between oral health and cognitive aging and suggest interventions addressing community environment may be particularly relevant for older adults with oral health challenges.

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来源期刊

Archives of gerontology and geriatrics 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.00%

发文量

198

审稿时长

16 days

期刊介绍： Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics provides a medium for the publication of papers from the fields of experimental gerontology and clinical and social geriatrics. The principal aim of the journal is to facilitate the exchange of information between specialists in these three fields of gerontological research. Experimental papers dealing with the basic mechanisms of aging at molecular, cellular, tissue or organ levels will be published. Clinical papers will be accepted if they provide sufficiently new information or are of fundamental importance for the knowledge of human aging. Purely descriptive clinical papers will be accepted only if the results permit further interpretation. Papers dealing with anti-aging pharmacological preparations in humans are welcome. Papers on the social aspects of geriatrics will be accepted if they are of general interest regarding the epidemiology of aging and the efficiency and working methods of the social organizations for the health care of the elderly.