在集水区尺度上的山洪影响和脆弱性制图:来自亚平宁南部的见解

IF 6.9 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL
Giovanni Forte , Melania De Falco , Antonio Santo , Dipendra Gautam , Nicoletta Santangelo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

山洪暴发是世界许多地区经常发生的自然灾害事件。一般来说,它们发生在由冲积扇或扇三角洲形成的急流排出的小集水区。在地中海区域,这些现象在春季和秋季尤为常见,往往对建筑物、基础设施、农业造成重大破坏,有时还造成伤亡。为了更好地理解和管理这些事件对物理系统的潜在后果,概率损害量化是必不可少的。脆弱性函数描述了基于强度度量达到或超过特定损害状态的概率,是评估基于自然灾害强度的损害的宝贵工具。虽然这些曲线被广泛报道和广泛应用,但明显缺乏跨学科的方法来开发和整合到更广泛的风险管理框架中。这一差距往往使诸如洪水保险保费规划、概率损失估计和洪水风险管理等举措依赖于不知情或通用的工具。本研究提出了一种跨学科的方法来开发洪水脆弱性函数,利用事后山洪灾害数据。2015年10月14日至15日发生在意大利贝内文托Solopaca - Paupisi地区的事件被作为案例研究。分析了冲积扇叶的再激活,并结合记录的降雨量进行了分析。它基于用经典和遥感技术(如无人机图像)获取的事件后现场数据的处理。然后进行冲击测绘,以描绘山洪暴发的空间范围。然后根据淹没深度、被动员物质的厚度和粒度分布来描述事件的特征。事件的面积和沉积物的厚度被用来估计被输送的固体体积。最后,将建筑物所遭受的破坏和各自的淹没深度组合起来,构建山洪易损性函数。该研究结果可用于数值流动模型的校准和验证,以及山洪风险评估和管理措施。本研究建立的脆弱性函数可作为损失评估、弹性建设优先排序和保险费率规划的工具。在本研究中开发和实施的跨学科方法将对世界上许多其他地区的山洪减灾规划具有深刻的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Flash flood impacts and vulnerability mapping at catchment scale: Insights from southern Apennines
Flash floods are frequent natural hazard events in many parts of the world. Generally, they occur in small catchments drained by torrential streams that feed alluvial fans or fan deltas. In the Mediterranean region, these phenomena are particularly common during the spring and autumn seasons, often causing significant damage to buildings, infrastructures, agriculture, and sometimes resulting in fatalities and injuries. To better understand and manage the potential consequences of these events on physical systems, probabilistic damage quantification is essential. Fragility functions, which describe the probability of reaching or exceeding a specific damage state based on an intensity measure, are valuable tools for assessing damage conditioned on the intensity of a natural hazard. While such curves are widely reported and extensively applied, there is a notable lack of interdisciplinary methodologies for their development and integration into broader risk management frameworks. This gap often leaves initiatives such as flood insurance premium planning, probabilistic loss estimation, and flood risk management reliant on uninformed or generic tools.
This study proposes an interdisciplinary approach to developing flood fragility functions using post-event flash flood damage data. The event that occurred on 14–15 October 2015 in Solopaca – Paupisi area (Benevento, Italy) is adopted as the case study. The reactivation of alluvial fan lobes is analyzed together with the recorded rainfalls. It is based on the processing of post-event field data acquired with classical and remote sensing technologies such as UAV imagery. Impact mapping is then conducted to depict the spatial extent of the flash flood. The event is then characterized in terms of inundation depth and thickness of mobilized material and grain size distribution. The area of the event and the thickness of the deposits are considered to estimate the transported solid volumes. Finally, the damage incurred to buildings and respective inundation depth is assembled to construct flash flood fragility functions. The outcomes of this study can be used in numerical flow model calibration and validation as well as flash flood risk assessment and management initiatives. The fragility functions developed in this study can serve as a tool for loss assessment, resilient construction prioritization, and insurance premium planning. The interdisciplinary approach developed and implemented in this study will be insightful to many other regions across the world in terms of flash flood mitigation planning.
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来源期刊
Engineering Geology
Engineering Geology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
13.70
自引率
12.20%
发文量
327
审稿时长
5.6 months
期刊介绍: Engineering Geology, an international interdisciplinary journal, serves as a bridge between earth sciences and engineering, focusing on geological and geotechnical engineering. It welcomes studies with relevance to engineering, environmental concerns, and safety, catering to engineering geologists with backgrounds in geology or civil/mining engineering. Topics include applied geomorphology, structural geology, geophysics, geochemistry, environmental geology, hydrogeology, land use planning, natural hazards, remote sensing, soil and rock mechanics, and applied geotechnical engineering. The journal provides a platform for research at the intersection of geology and engineering disciplines.
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