Xiaojiao He, Sifeng Wen, Xuan Liu, Yutong Li, Shengbo Yang
{"title":"基于肌内神经和纺锤体分布的A型肉毒毒素治疗脾肌张力障碍的最佳靶点定位。","authors":"Xiaojiao He, Sifeng Wen, Xuan Liu, Yutong Li, Shengbo Yang","doi":"10.1007/s12565-025-00831-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Botulinum toxin A injection is commonly used to treat splenius muscle dystonia; however, the optimal injection site within the muscle remains unidentified. This study identified the optimal target for botulinum toxin A based on the distribution of intramuscular nerves and spindles in the splenius muscles. This study included 24 adult individuals. The curve connecting the external occipital protuberance and the third thoracic spinous process was the longitudinal reference line (line L). The curve connecting the external occipital protuberance and the mastoid process was the horizontal reference line (line H). Modified Sihler's staining showed an intramuscular nerve-dense region in the splenius muscles. Muscle spindle abundance was calculated after hematoxylin and eosin staining. The center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance was localized using computed tomography. The projection points (P and P') of the center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance behind and in front of the neck, position of P (P<sub>L</sub> and P<sub>H</sub>) projected onto the L and H lines, and depth of the center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance were determined under the Syngo system. P<sub>L</sub>, P<sub>H</sub>, and depth of the center of the region of highest muscle spindle abundance of splenius capitis and splenius cervicis muscles were 17.33% and 40.59% of the L line, 42.42% and 60.44% of the H line, and 26.30% and 32.60% of the PP' line, respectively. These results will provide morphological guidance for improved efficiency and efficacy of target localization for botulinum toxin A treatment for splenius muscle dystonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":7816,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Science International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Optimal target localization for botulinum toxin A in treating splenius muscles dystonia based on the distribution of intramuscular nerves and spindles.\",\"authors\":\"Xiaojiao He, Sifeng Wen, Xuan Liu, Yutong Li, Shengbo Yang\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s12565-025-00831-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Botulinum toxin A injection is commonly used to treat splenius muscle dystonia; however, the optimal injection site within the muscle remains unidentified. This study identified the optimal target for botulinum toxin A based on the distribution of intramuscular nerves and spindles in the splenius muscles. This study included 24 adult individuals. The curve connecting the external occipital protuberance and the third thoracic spinous process was the longitudinal reference line (line L). The curve connecting the external occipital protuberance and the mastoid process was the horizontal reference line (line H). Modified Sihler's staining showed an intramuscular nerve-dense region in the splenius muscles. Muscle spindle abundance was calculated after hematoxylin and eosin staining. The center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance was localized using computed tomography. The projection points (P and P') of the center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance behind and in front of the neck, position of P (P<sub>L</sub> and P<sub>H</sub>) projected onto the L and H lines, and depth of the center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance were determined under the Syngo system. P<sub>L</sub>, P<sub>H</sub>, and depth of the center of the region of highest muscle spindle abundance of splenius capitis and splenius cervicis muscles were 17.33% and 40.59% of the L line, 42.42% and 60.44% of the H line, and 26.30% and 32.60% of the PP' line, respectively. These results will provide morphological guidance for improved efficiency and efficacy of target localization for botulinum toxin A treatment for splenius muscle dystonia.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7816,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Anatomical Science International\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Anatomical Science International\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12565-025-00831-8\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Anatomical Science International","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12565-025-00831-8","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Optimal target localization for botulinum toxin A in treating splenius muscles dystonia based on the distribution of intramuscular nerves and spindles.
Botulinum toxin A injection is commonly used to treat splenius muscle dystonia; however, the optimal injection site within the muscle remains unidentified. This study identified the optimal target for botulinum toxin A based on the distribution of intramuscular nerves and spindles in the splenius muscles. This study included 24 adult individuals. The curve connecting the external occipital protuberance and the third thoracic spinous process was the longitudinal reference line (line L). The curve connecting the external occipital protuberance and the mastoid process was the horizontal reference line (line H). Modified Sihler's staining showed an intramuscular nerve-dense region in the splenius muscles. Muscle spindle abundance was calculated after hematoxylin and eosin staining. The center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance was localized using computed tomography. The projection points (P and P') of the center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance behind and in front of the neck, position of P (PL and PH) projected onto the L and H lines, and depth of the center of the region of the highest muscle spindle abundance were determined under the Syngo system. PL, PH, and depth of the center of the region of highest muscle spindle abundance of splenius capitis and splenius cervicis muscles were 17.33% and 40.59% of the L line, 42.42% and 60.44% of the H line, and 26.30% and 32.60% of the PP' line, respectively. These results will provide morphological guidance for improved efficiency and efficacy of target localization for botulinum toxin A treatment for splenius muscle dystonia.
期刊介绍:
The official English journal of the Japanese Association of Anatomists, Anatomical Science International (formerly titled Kaibogaku Zasshi) publishes original research articles dealing with morphological sciences.
Coverage in the journal includes molecular, cellular, histological and gross anatomical studies on humans and on normal and experimental animals, as well as functional morphological, biochemical, physiological and behavioral studies if they include morphological analysis.