成都城乡结合部生境类型和季节对自然物种组成和多样性的影响

IF 8.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Hua Zong , Yi-ning Yao , Ming-kun Chen , He Li , Xiao-jiao Huang , Chen Jiao
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引用次数: 0

摘要

城乡结合部(RUF)是城市外围的模糊边界地带。由于复杂的人口构成、不平衡的经济发展以及土地利用和生态系统的巨大变化,它也是一个高度脆弱、敏感和生态价值的空间。不同的植物自发出现在RUF地区,在调节气候和为动植物提供多样化的栖息地方面发挥着重要的生态作用。很少有关于城市扩张的研究考察了RUF地区的植物多样性。因此,需要更多的信息来了解自发RUF物种的组成、多样性和变异性。基于此,本研究对成都市RUF的248个调查样地进行了实地研究。分析了五种自然生境类型不同季节的自然物种组成和多样性。采用双向方差分析、主坐标分析和两两置换方差分析分别评价生境类型和季节对α-多样性和物种组成差异的影响。不同季节,RUF样地共记录到自发维管植物313种。逃逸的药用和食用物种占53.04%,符合联防区居民的需求。74种外来植物中有41种为入侵种,具有较高的入侵风险。乔木是秋季的优势植被类型;其他季节以草本植物为主。季节和生境类型对自发物种组成和α-多样性均有显著影响;生境类型的影响大于季节。α-和β-多样性水平最高的农田在环境变化下具有最佳的恢复力。其物种组成与建筑用地最相似。此外,与其他生境相比,农田和道路的外来物种比例均显著增加。外来物种很容易通过道路、土地和农田的连通性传播到城市和村庄。林地对环境变化的适应能力最低,α-和β-多样性水平最低。随着人为干扰的加剧,优势种在群落中的突出程度显著提高。然而,作为偶发物种保护的基础,它是最需要保护的栖息地类型。本研究有助于认识城市化对特大城市林带生态过程的影响,为林带生境保护提供重要参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of habitat types and seasons on the composition and diversity of spontaneous species in the rural-urban fringe of Chengdu City, China
The rural-urban fringe (RUF) is the indistinct boundary zone outside the urban area. It is also a highly vulnerable, sensitive, and ecologically valuable space, owing to the complex demographic composition, unbalanced economic development, and dramatic changes in land use and ecosystems. Different plants spontaneously emerge across RUF areas, playing an important ecological role in regulating climate and providing varied habitats for plants and animals. Few studies on urban sprawl have examined the plant diversity of RUF areas. Thus, more information is needed about the composition, diversity, and variability of spontaneous RUF species. Accordingly, this research implemented a field study across 248 survey plots in the RUF of Chengdu City, China. The composition and diversity of spontaneous species in five RUF habitat types during different seasons were analyzed. The effects of habitat types and seasons on α-diversity and species composition dissimilarities were evaluated using two-way analysis of variance, Principal coordinates analysis, and pairwise permutational multivariate analysis of variance, respectively. Across the seasons, 313 species of spontaneous vascular plant were recorded in RUF plots. Escaped medical and edible species accounted for 53.04% of species, consistent with the RUF inhabitants’ needs. Among exotic plants, 41 of 74 were invasive species posing a high risk of species invasion. Trees were the dominant vegetation type only in autumn; herbs were the dominant vegetation in other seasons. Both season and habitat types significantly affected spontaneous species composition and α-diversity; moreover, habitat type had a greater effect than season. Farmland, with the highest α- and β-diversity levels, had the optimal resilience under environmental change. Its species composition was most similar to that of building land. Furthermore, both farmland and road land exhibited a significantly elevated proportion of exotic species in comparison to other habitats. Exotic species easily spread to cities and villages through the connectivity of road lands and farmland. In contrast, woodland had the lowest adaptive capacity under environmental change, with the lowest α- and β-diversity levels. With the escalation of anthropogenic disturbance, the prominence of the dominant species within the community markedly increased. However, as the foundation of occasional species conservation, it is the most important habitat type to protect. This study contributes to the understanding of changes in ecological processes in the RUF of megacities caused by urbanization and provides an important reference for RUF habitat conservation.
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来源期刊
Journal of Environmental Management
Journal of Environmental Management 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
13.70
自引率
5.70%
发文量
2477
审稿时长
84 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Environmental Management is a journal for the publication of peer reviewed, original research for all aspects of management and the managed use of the environment, both natural and man-made.Critical review articles are also welcome; submission of these is strongly encouraged.
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