职业治疗从业人员和学生对多样性、公平性和包容性的体验:国际范围审查》。

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q1 REHABILITATION
Celine Rachel Serrano-Diaz, Justin Newton Scanlan, Lynn V Monrouxe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

重要性:职业治疗理论和实践的演变一直被白人、中产阶级、英语从业者的观点所主导。职业治疗师中缺乏多样性可能会损害客户护理和该领域的少数从业者。目的:了解国际上少数民族职业治疗从业人员和学生的融入和归属感经历。数据来源:对2010年1月至2022年7月期间发表的文章进行了范围审查,使用了六个期刊数据库(Ovid MEDLINE、Scopus、Web of Science、CINAHL、Ovid ERIC和PsycINFO)。使用Litmaps和谷歌Scholar完成了更新的搜索,以检查2022年8月至2024年5月之间发表的文章。研究选择和数据收集通过covience、EndNote和NVivo归纳制定人口统计学和内容代码,并对数据进行管理。结果:来自17种期刊的31项研究强调了四个不同的少数群体(一些研究标准包括多重身份):文化和语言多样化的人(n = 16),残疾人(n = 8), LGBTQ+个体(n = 8)和第一民族(n = 2)。确定了四个主题:(1)协商规范的文化背景;(2)感觉归属感;(3)与客户互动;(4)促进公平和包容。结论和相关性:少数群体面临着个人安全和文化认同之间的权衡,因为制度低估了多样性,强调了系统性变革的必要性。职业治疗师有时会容忍虐待,强调需要制定保护来访者和治疗师尊严的政策。在全球范围内,职业治疗专业可以通过加强代表性和促进文化安全的工作和教育环境来提高包容性,减少教育和实践中的排斥。简单的语言总结:这项研究着眼于世界各地的少数民族职业治疗师和学生如何在他们的职业中体验包容和归属感。研究人员回顾了2010年至2024年间发表的31项研究,这些研究关注的是不同的少数群体,包括文化和语言多样化的人、残疾人、LGBTQ+个人和第一民族。研究显示,少数族裔从业者往往难以融入一个主要由白人、中产阶级和英语视角塑造的行业。他们有时会在忠于自己的文化身份和在工作中感到安全之间面临艰难的选择。许多人在归属感方面遇到挑战,有时还要忍受不公平的待遇。研究结果表明,职业治疗行业需要做出重大改变,以变得更具包容性,包括增加从业人员的多样性,创造更安全的工作场所和尊重所有文化的教育环境。这些变化将改善少数族裔从业者的经验和他们为客户提供的护理。立场声明:作者反思性:研究团队由博士候选人Celine Rachel Serrano-Diaz和两位导师Lynn V. Monrouxe和Justin Newton Scanlan组成。使用代词她/她,Serrano-Diaz是一个顺性别,异性恋,神经分化的女人。她出生于美国,是拥有菲律宾血统的第一代澳大利亚移民。她的少数群体生活经历源于种族、性别和残疾的交叉,并为本研究提供了动力。她在澳大利亚做了近20年的职业治疗师和教育工作者,对如何在职业中融入和归属感有着局内人的看法。斯坎兰认为自己是一个同性恋/酷儿、白人、顺性人。他在澳大利亚和美国长大,拥有职业治疗资格和博士学位。Monrouxe认为自己是一个白人,反殖民主义者,澳裔英国人,异性恋,使用代词she/her的顺性女性。她曾在英格兰、威尔士、台湾和澳大利亚生活过很长一段时间。她拥有心理学学位和认知语言学博士学位。该团队以批判性反思的方式合作,考虑他们的身份如何塑造个人的研究实践和观点,以及他们边缘化和特权的不同经历如何影响研究过程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Occupational Therapy Practitioners' and Students' Experiences of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion: An International Scoping Review.

Importance: The evolution of theory and practice in occupational therapy has been dominated by the perspectives of White, middle-class, English-speaking practitioners. The lack of diversity among occupational therapists may harm both client care and minority practitioners in the field.

Objective: To investigate the inclusion and belonging experiences of minoritized occupational therapy practitioners and students internationally.

Data sources: A scoping review explored articles published between January 2010 and July 2022 using six journal databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Ovid ERIC, and PsycINFO). An updated search was completed using Litmaps and Google Scholar to check for articles published between August 2022 and May 2024. Study Selection and Data Collection Demographic and content codes were inductively developed and data managed via Covidence, EndNote, and NVivo.

Findings: Thirty-one studies across 17 journals highlighted four distinct minoritized groups (some study criteria included multiple identities): culturally and linguistically diverse people (n = 16), people with disabilities (n = 8), LGBTQ+ individuals (n = 8), and First Nations people (n = 2). Four themes were identified: (1) negotiating a normative cultural context, (2) feeling a sense of belonging, (3) interacting with clients, and (4) fostering equity and inclusion.

Conclusions and relevance: Minoritized groups face trade-offs between personal safety and cultural identity because institutions undervalue diversity, underscoring the need for systemic change. Occupational therapists sometimes tolerate mistreatment, emphasizing the need for policies that protect client and therapist dignity. Globally, the occupational therapy profession can improve inclusivity and reduce exclusion in education and practice by enhancing representation and promoting culturally safe work and educational environments. Plain-Language Summary: This study looked at how minority occupational therapists and students around the world experience inclusion and belonging in their profession. Researchers reviewed 31 studies published between 2010 and 2024 that focused on different minority groups, including culturally and linguistically diverse people, people with disabilities, LGBTQ+ individuals, and First Nations people. The research revealed that minority practitioners often struggle to fit into a profession largely shaped by White, middle-class, English-speaking perspectives. They sometimes face difficult choices between staying true to their cultural identity and feeling safe at work. Many experience challenges in feeling like they belong and sometimes endure unfair treatment. The findings suggest that the occupational therapy profession needs major changes to become more inclusive, including increasing diversity among practitioners and creating safer workplaces and educational settings that respect all cultures. These changes would improve both the experiences of minority practitioners and the care they provide to clients. Positionality Statement: Author reflexivity: The research team consists of Celine Rachel Serrano-Diaz, a PhD candidate, and two supervisors, Lynn V. Monrouxe and Justin Newton Scanlan. Using the pronouns she/her, Serrano-Diaz is a cisgender, heterosexual, neurodivergent woman. Born in the United States, she is a first-generation Australian immigrant settler with Filipino ancestry. Her lived experience of minoritization results from the intersections of race, gender, and disability and serves as the impetus for this study. She has an insider perspective on navigating inclusion and belonging in the profession, having spent almost 20 yr as an occupational therapist and educator in Australia. Scanlan identifies as a gay/queer, White, cisgender man. Growing up in Australia and the United States, he has a qualification in occupational therapy and a PhD. Monrouxe identifies as a White, anticolonialist, Australian-British, heterosexual, cisgender female who uses the pronouns she/her. She has lived in England, Wales, Taiwan, and Australia for significant periods. She has a degree in psychology and a PhD in cognitive linguistics. The team collaborated in a critically reflective way, considering how their identities shape individual research praxis and viewpoints, as well as how their diverse experiences of marginalization and privilege influence the research process.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
10.30%
发文量
406
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy (AJOT) is an official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc. and is published 6 times per year. This peer reviewed journal focuses on research, practice, and health care issues in the field of occupational therapy. AOTA members receive 6 issues of AJOT per year and have online access to archived abstracts and full-text articles. Nonmembers may view abstracts online but must purchase full-text articles.
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