[Mutation Detection of Plasma Circulating Tumor DNA Associated with Multiple Myeloma].

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of 26 circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) associated with multiple myeloma (MM) in peripheral blood of new diagnosed patients.

Methods: We conducted a study to detect 26 ctDNA mutations in the peripheral blood of 31 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients.

Results: Among the 31 NDMM patients, the ctDNA detection rate was 93.55%, significantly higher than that of FISH and chromosome screening methods. The most frequently mutated genes in NDMM were ACTG1 and GNAS. Notably, ACTG1 mutations were exclusive to NDMM patients, furthermore, resulted from the missense mutation of the exon 4. ACTG1 was the gene most frequently co-mutated with others. All patients with ACTG1 mutations were surviving, and there was a positive correlation between ACTG1 mutation and the survival of patients. GNAS mutations were confined to exon 1.

Conclusion: The detection rate of ctDNA sequencing in peripheral blood of NDMM patients was higher than that in bone marrow. ACTG1 and GNAS genes have a guiding role in the prognosis of newly diagnosed patients.