Infecciones relacionadas con la asistencia sanitaria en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos en México: epidemiología y factores asociados

We conducted a prolective cohort study with the aim of estimating the incidence of healthcare-associated infections and identifying associated factors in an intensive care unit in Mexico. Diagnosis of central venous catheter-associated bacteremia, ventilator-associated pneumonia and urinary catheter-associated urinary tract infection was established according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions; risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression. Four hundred twenty-six patients who had 486 admissions were studied, 55.9% were male and the median age was 4 years. The healthcare-associated infections incidence rate was 14.8 events/1000 patient-days. The prevalent microorganisms were gram negative bacilli. The factors associated with healthcare-associated infections were chronic conditions (p = 0,01), the number of central venous catheters inserted and the days duration of central venous catheter, mechanical ventilation and the urinary catheter (the 4 variables with p ≤ 0.001).