High-Titanium Steel: A Comprehensive Review of Research Progress

Substantial in situ TiC precipitation in high-titanium steel can significantly enhance its wear resistance. This improvement is attributed to the high hardness, low density, large precipitation volume, and stable chemical properties of TiC, which has attracted increasing attention. This paper firstly summarizes the recent research progress on the solute redistribution model, kinetics, and thermodynamic calculations of TiC precipitation, as well as the relevant experimental research on high-titanium steel prepared by the melting cast method. It provides a detailed analysis of the microstructure, mechanical properties including hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and impact toughness, and other properties of high-titanium steel, highlighting the influencing factors. Additionally, the wear resistance and wear mechanisms of high-titanium steel with different Ti content under different wear conditions are compared, including two-body wear, three-body wear, lubrication wear, and impact wear. At last, the future potential research directions for high-titanium steel are proposed, aiming to provide support for further development and application.