梧桐树缓解公路交通空气污染的生物监测及植物修复潜力

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144259

Akkasha Azam , Ummar Iqbal , Zartasha Usman , Muhammad Sharif , Muhammad Faisal Gul , Nargis Naz , Ifrah Nawaz , Farooq Ahmad

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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究了机动车排放重金属Zn、Fe、Pb、Cd和Ni对直立木（Conocarpus erectus）叶片生理生化参数的影响及其与空气污染耐受指数（APTI）的关系。春季期间，在巴基斯坦旁遮普省一条繁忙道路（Bahawalpur至Rahim Yar Khan， KLP路）沿线的6个地点采集了叶子样本，对照样本取自距离路边50米的地方。使用原子吸收分光光度计（AAS）分析重金属浓度，发现在污染地点，特别是在艾哈迈德普尔，叶尘中Pb、Cd、Ni和Cu的含量明显较高。暴露于重金属污染中导致了茎长、叶面积和生物量的显著减少，其中汉贝拉表现出最严重的下降。气体交换参数发生改变，塔兰达地区CO2同化和气孔导度增加，而各污染地点的蒸腾速率降低。生化反应，包括总可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸和抗坏血酸的升高，表明了适应性代谢转变。在污染胁迫下，光合色素，尤其是叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素显著降低，而抗氧化活性保持稳定。塔兰达和伊克巴拉巴德的维管束和皮质厚度增加等解剖变化反映了结构弹性。受污染场地的气孔密度和面积均显著降低，表明为减少水分流失而进行了调节。路边APTI值（12.21 ~ 9.98）显著高于对照，表明直立人对污染具有较强的适应能力。该物种的高APTI值和对重金属污染的耐受能力表明其适合城市路边种植，可以减轻车辆排放的不利影响，并有助于环境的可持续性。

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Biomonitoring and phytoremediation potential of Conocarpus erectus (Buttonwood) for mitigating air pollution from highway traffic

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Biomonitoring and phytoremediation potential of Conocarpus erectus (Buttonwood) for mitigating air pollution from highway traffic

This study investigates the impact of vehicular-released heavy metals (Zn, Fe, Pb, Cd, and Ni) on foliar physiological and biochemical parameters of Conocarpus erectus and its relationship with the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI). Leaf samples were collected from six sites along a busy road (Bahawalpur to Rahim Yar Khan, KLP Road) in Punjab, Pakistan, during the spring season, with control samples taken 50 m away from the roadside. Heavy metal concentrations were analyzed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), revealing significantly higher levels of Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cu in leaf dust at polluted sites, particularly in Ahmadpur. Exposure to heavy metal pollution led to notable reductions in shoot length, leaf area, and biomass, with Khanbella exhibiting the most severe declines. Gas exchange parameters were altered, with increased CO₂ assimilation and stomatal conductance at Taranda, while transpiration rates decreased across polluted sites. Biochemical responses, including elevated total soluble proteins, free amino acids, and ascorbic acid, indicated adaptive metabolic shifts. Photosynthetic pigments, particularly chlorophyll b and carotenoids, were significantly reduced under pollution stress, whereas antioxidant activity remained stable. Anatomical modifications, such as increased vascular bundle and cortical thickness at Taranda and Iqbalabad, reflected structural resilience. Stomatal density and area were significantly lower at polluted sites, suggesting regulatory adjustments to minimize water loss. APTI values (12.21–9.98) were significantly higher at roadside locations compared to controls, highlighting the strong resilience of C. erectus to pollution. The species high APTI values and capacity to tolerate heavy metal contamination suggest its suitability for urban roadside plantations, where it can mitigate the adverse effects of vehicular emissions and contribute to environmental sustainability.

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来源期刊

Chemosphere 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

15.80

自引率

8.00%

发文量

4975

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： Chemosphere, being an international multidisciplinary journal, is dedicated to publishing original communications and review articles on chemicals in the environment. The scope covers a wide range of topics, including the identification, quantification, behavior, fate, toxicology, treatment, and remediation of chemicals in the bio-, hydro-, litho-, and atmosphere, ensuring the broad dissemination of research in this field.