嗅觉训练对嗅觉功能障碍患者抑郁症状和嗅觉功能的影响——一项前瞻性观察性先导研究

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100887

Emilie Keusters , Marnick Clijsters , Kristof Vansteelandt , Laura Van Gerven , Filip Bouckaert

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引用次数: 0

摘要

嗅觉在我们日常生活的各个方面都起着重要的作用，嗅觉功能障碍（OD）与抑郁症状之间存在正相关。大脑的多个部分参与嗅觉和抑郁症状的起源，例如杏仁核和海马体。嗅觉训练（OT）是OD治疗的主要治疗方法之一。我们研究的目的是观察嗅觉障碍患者抑郁症状的患病率，并检查OT对吸毒过量患者情绪的影响。方法我们纳入了在耳鼻咽喉门诊就诊的主观OD且符合OT条件的患者。在基线和随访（3至6个月）时，分别通过嗅探棒测试和抑郁症状快速调查表评估嗅觉功能和抑郁程度。结果我们的研究显示，57%的参与者在基线时有轻度至重度抑郁症状。基线时抑郁症状与用药过量无相关性。从基线到随访，抑郁症状明显下降，但嗅觉功能没有明显变化。此外，抑郁的变化与嗅觉功能的变化之间没有相关性。这些结果应谨慎解释，因为这是一项观察性先导研究，没有安慰剂对照组，样本量小。有必要进一步调查。

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The influence of olfactory training on depressive symptoms and olfactory function in patients with olfactory dysfunction – A prospective observational pilot study

Introduction

Olfaction plays an important role in different aspects of our daily functioning and there is a positive correlation between olfactory dysfunction (OD) and depressive symptoms. Multiple parts of the brain are involved in both olfaction and the origin of depressive symptoms, e.g. amygdala and hippocampus. Olfactory training (OT) is one of the main therapeutic options in the management of OD. The objective of our study is to look at the prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with olfactory disorders and to examine the effect of OT on mood in patients who present with OD.

Methods

We included patients who presented at the Ears-Nose-Throat outpatient clinic with subjective OD and were eligible for OT. At baseline and follow-up (3 to 6 months) olfactory function and depression were assessed respectively by a Sniffin’ Sticks test and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms questionnaire.

Results

Our study revealed that 57 % of participants had mild to severe depressive symptoms at baseline. There was no correlation between the depressive symptoms and OD at baseline. From baseline to follow-up, there was a significant decline in depressive symptoms, but no significant changes in the olfactory function. In addition, there was no correlation between change in depression and change in olfactory function.

Limitations

These results should be interpreted with caution because this is an observational pilot study with no placebo-controlled group and a small sample size. Further investigation is warranted.

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