Enhanced water purification by using graphene oxide nano-membranes: A novel approach for mitigating industrial pollutant

Clean access to clean and safe drinking water is vital for human health, yet water pollution continues to be a significant global issue. This study investigates water contamination caused by various pollutants such as industrial waste, sewage, radioactive substances, and shifting rainfall patterns, all of which pose risks to public health and economic stability. To address this issue, we utilized graphene oxide nanomaterials for water purification, taking advantage of their exceptional strength and distinct two-dimensional structure. Graphene oxide nanoparticles were produced using Hummer's method and integrated into cellulose filter paper through a dip-coating process, resulting in a novel filtration membrane. The novel developed for the graphene oxide-coated cellulose membrane demonstrated substantial enhancements in water quality across samples collected from urban, rural and the industrial areas in Sialkot. The notable findings include a significant reduction in electrical conductivity (EC) and an improved Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) IN which suggests better filtration performance. The membrane effectively reduced sodium ion levels and alleviated salinity issues, making the water more suitable for agricultural use. So, the changes in pH levels were particularly noticeable in industrial zones, emphasizing the effect of industrial waste on water quality. The outcomes that highlight the promise of graphene oxide nanomembranes as a sustainable and efficient approach to reducing water pollution. This research emphasizes the critical role of advanced nanotechnology-based purification techniques in tackling the growing problem of water contamination and the leading to enhanced water management strategies and safer drinking water.