自2009年以来,在缅因州沼泽观察到盐沼池的广泛扩张

IF 3.8 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
K. DeWater, W. Kochtitzky, R. Ellis, P. Merrill, M. Pittsley, P. Morgan, C. Burns, A. Campbell, S. Adamowicz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

盐沼提供了重要的栖息地,保护了沿海基础设施,并且越来越容易受到海平面上升的影响,许多盐沼在几个世纪以来都有农业利用和沟渠的历史。池面积覆盖率可被视为沼泽健康的一个指标,但很少量化。在这项研究中,我们利用航空图像对缅因州12个盐沼池进行了数字化,量化了2009年至2021年间池面积和密度的变化,作为沼泽对环境变化响应的案例研究。我们根据形态将池分为三种类型:大型池、单个池和外围池,并检查了池是保持单个、分裂还是组合。我们发现,从2009年到2021年,所有沼泽的泳池面积增加了15.7%,主要是由大型泳池扩张驱动的,而单个泳池和周边泳池保持相对稳定。所有湿地的池扩展速率为49,000 m2 a−1,平均大型池大小为6,400±400 m2。除约克河沼泽外,所有沼泽的每平方公里池数都有所增加,但约克河沼泽的面积仍在扩大。池主要通过合并或被大型池吞没来增加覆盖范围。当池保持单一,分裂成多个池,或仅在2009年或2021年存在时,面积覆盖变化并不显著。在沼泽海拔较低的地方,巨型水池更大,当与沟渠重叠时,它们的扩张速度更快,这表明它们受到海平面上升和历史上农业的影响。促进大型水池排水和植被恢复的沼泽恢复项目可能会扭转这一趋势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Widespread Expansion of Salt Marsh Pools Observed on Maine Marshes Since 2009

Widespread Expansion of Salt Marsh Pools Observed on Maine Marshes Since 2009

Salt marshes provide critical habitats, protect coastal infrastructure, and are increasingly exposed to sea level rise, with many having a history of agricultural use and ditching over the centuries. Pool area coverage can be considered an indicator of marsh health but is rarely quantified. In this study, we digitized marsh pools using aerial imagery to quantify changes in pool area and density on 12 salt marshes in Maine from 2009 to 2021 as a case study of marsh response to environmental changes. We categorized pools into three types: mega-pools, individual pools, and perimeter pools, based on morphology and examined whether pools remained singular, split, or combined. We found a 15.7% increase in pool area from 2009 to 2021 on all marshes, primarily driven by mega-pool expansion, whereas individual and perimeter pools remained relatively constant. The rate of pool expansion across all marshes was 49,000 m2 a−1 with mean mega-pool size 6,400 ± 400 m2. There was an increase in pool count per km2 on all marshes except for the York River marsh, which still experienced area expansion. Pools primarily increase in cover through merging or being engulfed by mega-pools. Area cover change was not substantial when pools remained singular, split into many pools, or were only present in 2009 or 2021. Mega-pools were larger on lower marsh elevations and expanded at a greater rate when overlapping ditches, suggesting influence by sea level rise and historic agriculture. Marsh restoration projects that promote the drainage and re-vegetation of mega-pools may reverse this trend.

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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
10.30%
发文量
162
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