Synthesis, Characterization, and Fabrication of Linear Nanofiber Structure of Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/MgO Copolymer via Electrospinning Method

Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/MgO copolymer nanofiber composites have been successfully synthesized with MgO nanoparticles (MgO NPs) variations using the electrospinning method as a promising strategy to obtain nanofiber models. The quantitative analysis of the FTIR spectrum using the Kramers–Kronig (K–K) relationship shows that the change of \(\Delta \left(\text{LO}-\text{TO}\right)\) from (139 → 114) cm⁻¹ indicates the change of strain, crystal symmetry, and phase transition. The crystallinity index increased (26.9 → 31)% caused by the increased concentration of MgO NPs in the composites rose as the result of XRD spectra analysis. The SEM analysis has provided valuable insights into the morphology of cPVDF nanofibers, demonstrating their predominantly linear structure while the influence of MgO concentration on nanofiber diameter decreased (621 → 347) nm. Based on the results, an increase in MgO concentration, a higher vibrational range of optical phonons, and an increase in crystallinity index successfully produced a copolymer material structure dominated by a linear nanofiber structure.