基于fpga实现了一个使用红外通信的有形立方体感测器

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Ain Shams Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1016/j.asej.2025.103321

Vladimir Kasik , Martin Augustynek, Jan Kubicek, Terezie Kauzlaricova, Jaroslav Vondrak, Alice Varysova

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景和动机将有形物体集成到数字环境中代表了一个日益增长的研究前沿，解决了现有交互和传感器技术的差距。本研究提出了一种利用红外通信和现场可编程门阵列（fpga）进行实时目标识别和定位的新方法。材料和方法：该研究采用红外通信在立方体和智能传感板（SSB）之间进行数据交换，每个传感器都配备有红外发射器和接收器。利用FPGA技术实现数据的实时处理和可视化。关键指标包括立方体定位、角度旋转和倾斜的检测精度。实验分析了该系统在不同位移、旋转和倾斜条件下的鲁棒性。结果该系统在位移公差为6 mm，最大高度为SSB上方30 mm的范围内实现了可靠的检测。在最佳对准时，中心轴的角度旋转被限制在±11°，通过校准的红外功率和校验和验证减少了误报。五项实验测试量化了检测边界，产生了详细的指标：平移极限：在x轴和y轴上±7 mm，绕中心轴旋转：±11°；沿边缘±10°，倾斜：最大角度限制29°的左边缘和25°的前边缘。系统表现出鲁棒性，在正常运行条件下故障率低于2%。虽然系统的红外通信和FPGA集成提高了精度和响应时间，但潜在的限制包括对环境干扰的敏感性和对精确制造公差的需求。未来的研究应该探索先进的材料，更广泛的红外协议，以及增强的可用性功能，如自适应触觉反馈。这些发现为进一步发展基于传感器的交互系统提供了基础，并有助于增强现实技术的进步。

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FPGA-based implementation of a tangible cubes sense using infrared communication

Background and motivation

The integration of tangible objects into digital environments represents a growing research frontier, addressing gaps in existing interactive and sensor technologies. This study proposes a novel method for real-time object identification and localization using infrared (IR) communication and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

Materials and methods

The research employs IR communication for data exchange between cubes and a smart sensory board (SSB), each equipped with IR transmitters and receivers. FPGA technology is utilized to facilitate real-time data processing and visualization. Key metrics include detection accuracy for cube positioning, angular rotation, and tilt. Experiments analyzed the system’s robustness under varying displacement, rotation, and tilt conditions.

Results

The system achieved reliable detection within a 6 mm tolerance for displacement and a maximum height of 30 mm above the SSB. Angular rotation was limited to ±11° for central axis rotation at optimal alignment, with false positives reduced through calibrated IR power and checksum validation. Five experimental tests quantified the detection boundaries, producing detailed metrics: translation limits: ±7 mm in the x and y axes, rotation: ±11° around the central axis; ±10° along edges, and tilt: maximum angular limits of 29° for left edges and 25° for front edges.The system demonstrated robustness, with a fault rate below 2 % under normal operating conditions.

Discussion and conclusion

While the system’s IR communication and FPGA integration improve accuracy and response time, potential limitations include sensitivity to environmental interference and the need for precise manufacturing tolerances. Future research should explore advanced materials, broader IR protocols, and enhanced usability features such as adaptive haptic feedback. The findings provide a foundation for further development in sensor-based interaction systems and contribute to the advancement of augmented reality technologies.

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来源期刊

Ain Shams Engineering Journal Engineering-General Engineering

CiteScore

10.80

自引率

13.30%

发文量

441

审稿时长

49 weeks

期刊介绍： in Shams Engineering Journal is an international journal devoted to publication of peer reviewed original high-quality research papers and review papers in both traditional topics and those of emerging science and technology. Areas of both theoretical and fundamental interest as well as those concerning industrial applications, emerging instrumental techniques and those which have some practical application to an aspect of human endeavor, such as the preservation of the environment, health, waste disposal are welcome. The overall focus is on original and rigorous scientific research results which have generic significance. Ain Shams Engineering Journal focuses upon aspects of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, chemical engineering, petroleum engineering, environmental engineering, architectural and urban planning engineering. Papers in which knowledge from other disciplines is integrated with engineering are especially welcome like nanotechnology, material sciences, and computational methods as well as applied basic sciences: engineering mathematics, physics and chemistry.