Protocol for monitoring intrapulmonary vasodilation in mice using contrast-enhanced echocardiography.

Monitoring intrapulmonary vasodilation in animal models is vital for understanding pulmonary vascular physiology and disease mechanisms. Here, we present a protocol for the real-time visualization and quantification of pulmonary microvascular dynamics in living mice using contrast echocardiography alongside microbubble injection. We describe steps for mouse preparation, baseline echocardiography, microbubble administration, and imaging to capture dynamic changes in pulmonary vasculature. Closely resembling clinical technique used in humans, this methodology provides an effective tool for investigating the pathophysiology of diverse cardio-pulmonary vascular diseases. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Dandavate et al.¹.