通过水氮部分解耦滴灌施肥减少温室土壤中的氮淋失

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI:10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109382

Jing He , Mingfen Niu , Jian Ma , Zhi Quan , Guangyu Chi , Caiyan Lu , Bin Huang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目前普遍采用的水氮耦合滴灌（CF）技术对以黄瓜为代表的温室土壤中溶解态氮（DN）淋失的控制提出了挑战，这些土壤通常需要充足和频繁的灌溉来保证产量。本研究提出在不减少水氮输入的情况下，采用水氮部分解耦的滴灌施肥（DF）代替CF减少温室黄瓜土壤DN淋失。在无黄瓜和有黄瓜的温室壤土中，对土壤DN淋失控制中DF和CF的性能进行了理论评价和实验评价。DF形成的水多溶氮少（WM）和水少溶氮多（WL）亚区土壤灌施比和施氮比分别为2.0 ~ 3.0和0.6 ~ 0.8时，DF在中度水浸（15 % ~ 25 %）条件下具有较好的减少DN淋溶的潜力。试验结果表明，DF对水淋溶的还原作用有限（<10 %），但对DN淋溶的还原作用显著，尤其是对黄瓜的还原作用。在中等水浸（平均约15 %）条件下，需水量高结果期7次淋滤中以硝态氮为主的DN的累积淋失量（>75 %）在DF条件下比在CF条件下低41.7 % (p <； 0.05)，主要是通过降低其在渗滤液中的有效性（78.3% %）。此外，DF在一定程度上提高了黄瓜产量，主要是在WL分区土壤中保留了更多的硝态氮。黄瓜的存在主要通过吸收WM亚区土壤比WL亚区土壤更多的水分来改善DF性能，从而减弱WM和WL亚区土壤之间水分和硝酸盐主导的DN的横向扩散，降低主要来自WM亚区土壤的渗滤液中DN的水平，而提高主要来自WL亚区土壤的DN水平。因此，在以黄瓜为代表的蔬菜需要充足和频繁的灌溉的温室土壤中，DF可以代替CF减少氮淋失而不减少灌溉。

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Cutting nitrogen leaching in greenhouse soil by water-nitrogen partially decoupled drip fertigation

It is challenging by popular water-nitrogen coupled drip fertigation (CF) to control dissolved nitrogen (DN) leaching in greenhouse soils planted with cucumber-represented vegetables that often need sufficient and frequent irrigation to ensure yields. This study proposed water-nitrogen partially decoupled drip fertigation (DF) as a substitute for CF to cut DN leaching from cucumber-planted greenhouse soil without cutting water and N input. DF performance in comparison with CF in soil DN leaching control was evaluated both theoretically based on presumed criteria and experimentally in a greenhouse loam soil without and with cucumbers. DF had a good potential in reducing DN leaching under moderate water leaching (15 %-25 %) when the ratio of irrigation and the ratio of N fertilization in water-more-dissolved nitrogen-less (WM) and water-less-dissolved nitrogen-more (WL) subzone soil specially formed under DF were respectively set at 2.0–3.0 and 0.6–0.8. Experimental results showed that the reduction effect of DF was limited on water leaching (<10 %) but significant on DN leaching, especially with cucumbers. The cumulative leaching loss of DN dominated by nitrate N (>75 %) from seven leaching events during the water demand-high fruiting period under moderate water leaching (averagely around 15 %) was 41.7 % lower (p < 0.05) under DF than under CF, predominantly (78.3 %) via lowering its availability in leachate. Moreover, DF increased the cucumber yield somewhat with retention of significantly more nitrate N mainly in WL subzone soil. The presence of cucumber improved DF performance mainly by absorbing more water from WM subzone soil than from WL subzone soil to weaken lateral diffusion of water and nitrate-dominated DN between WM and WL subzone soil, lowering DN level in leachate mainly derived from WM subzone soil while enhancing its level mainly in WL subzone soil. Hence, DF may replace CF to cut N leaching without cutting irrigation in greenhouse soils cultivated with cucumber-represented vegetables needing sufficient and frequent irrigation.

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来源期刊

Agricultural Water Management 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

14.90%

发文量

648

审稿时长

4.9 months

期刊介绍： Agricultural Water Management publishes papers of international significance relating to the science, economics, and policy of agricultural water management. In all cases, manuscripts must address implications and provide insight regarding agricultural water management.