三倍收益:在英格兰和威尔士,更多的产量,更少的氮和更多样化的农田重新分配

IF 3.4 2区 经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY
Murilo Almeida‐Furtado, Miranda P. M. Meuwissen, Frederic Ang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

农业生产是氮素污染和多样性丧失的主要驱动因素。本研究评估了农田再分配的潜力,同时增加产量和减少氮平衡,以及其对作物多样性的影响。我们的技术规范通过动态模拟上一年的氮平衡对当年作物生产的影响,扩展了by - production方法。我们使用稳健的order - m数据包络分析来估计生产边界,并使用Hill - Shannon指数来评估优化农田再分配前后的作物多样性。该应用程序使用了2015年至2019年英格兰和威尔士农场的农场商业调查数据。结果表明,与常规情况相比,效率提高将使作物产量每公顷增加10.31英镑,氮平衡每公顷减少1.05公斤。重新分配,只关注增产,将使作物产量每公顷增加83.74英镑,并使氮平衡每公顷减少2.01公斤。再分配侧重于增产和减少氮平衡,前者每公顷增加71.88英镑,后者每公顷减少4.99公斤。在两种重新分配情景下,每个农场的农田多样性中位数增加了约0.24种。我们的研究结果表明,农民可以同时提高经济和环境绩效,这将增加作物多样性。有效的政策应解决多样化的障碍,并促进既增加产量又减少氮平衡的管理做法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Triple gains: More production, less nitrogen and greater diversity from cropland reallocation in England and Wales
Agricultural production is the main driver of nitrogen pollution and diversity loss. This study assesses the potential of cropland reallocation to simultaneously increase production and decrease nitrogen balances, and its impact on crop diversity. Our technological specification extends the by‐production approach by dynamically modelling the impact of the N balance from the previous year on current year crop production. We use a robust order‐m data envelopment analysis to estimate the production frontier, and the Hill‐Shannon index to assess crop diversity before and after optimal cropland reallocation. The application uses Farm Business Survey data from farms in England and Wales between 2015 and 2019. The results show that efficiency gains would have increased crop production by GBP 10.31 per ha and decreased the nitrogen balance by 1.05 kg per ha, when compared with a business‐as‐usual scenario. Reallocation, only focusing on increasing production, would have increased crop production by GBP 83.74 per hectare and reduced the nitrogen balance by 2.01 kg per ha. Reallocation, focusing on increasing production and decreasing the nitrogen balance, would have increased the former by GBP 71.88 per hectare and reduced the latter by 4.99 kg per ha. The median cropland diversity increases by approximately 0.24 species per farm in both reallocation scenarios. Our results suggest that farmers can simultaneously improve economic and environmental performance, which would increase crop diversity. Effective policies should address barriers to diversification and foster management practices that both increase production and decrease nitrogen balances.
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来源期刊
Journal of Agricultural Economics
Journal of Agricultural Economics 管理科学-农业经济与政策
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
2.90%
发文量
48
审稿时长
>24 weeks
期刊介绍: Published on behalf of the Agricultural Economics Society, the Journal of Agricultural Economics is a leading international professional journal, providing a forum for research into agricultural economics and related disciplines such as statistics, marketing, business management, politics, history and sociology, and their application to issues in the agricultural, food, and related industries; rural communities, and the environment. Each issue of the JAE contains articles, notes and book reviews as well as information relating to the Agricultural Economics Society. Published 3 times a year, it is received by members and institutional subscribers in 69 countries. With contributions from leading international scholars, the JAE is a leading citation for agricultural economics and policy. Published articles either deal with new developments in research and methods of analysis, or apply existing methods and techniques to new problems and situations which are of general interest to the Journal’s international readership.
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