Julia Wangui, George Gachara, Victor Mobegi, Charles Agoti, James Otieno, Silvanos Opanda, Benjamin Opot, Joseph N. Ngeranwa, Regina Njeru, Wallace Bulimo
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We amplified a segment of the first and second hypervariable regions, as well as the conserved portion of the third domain of the G-gene using HRSV-B specific primers, sequenced by Sanger di-deoxy chain termination method and thereafter analyzed the sequences.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>We characterized the circulating strains into three known genotypes: SAB4 (1.4%), BA7 (1.4%), and multiple variants of BA9 (97.2%). The majority of BA9 viruses were uniquely Kenyan with only 4% aligning with BA9 lineages found elsewhere. The mean evolutionary rate of the HRSV-B was estimated to be 3.08 × 10<sup>−3</sup> substitutions per site per year.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Our findings indicate that the circulating HRSV-B viruses in Kenya underwent a slower evolution during the period of 2007–2010. Additionally, our findings reveal the existence of a unique lineage as well as new variants that have not been reported elsewhere to date.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":13544,"journal":{"name":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irv.70082","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Molecular Analysis of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Group B Strains Isolated in Kenya Before and During the Emergence of Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1\",\"authors\":\"Julia Wangui, George Gachara, Victor Mobegi, Charles Agoti, James Otieno, Silvanos Opanda, Benjamin Opot, Joseph N. Ngeranwa, Regina Njeru, Wallace Bulimo\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/irv.70082\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>We conducted a retrospective study to explore molecular insights into human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) group B strains among patients attending outpatient clinics at government medical facilities both prior and during the onset of Influenza A/H1N1/2009 pandemic outbreak.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>We screened 2300 nasopharyngeal swabs using multiplex real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We amplified a segment of the first and second hypervariable regions, as well as the conserved portion of the third domain of the G-gene using HRSV-B specific primers, sequenced by Sanger di-deoxy chain termination method and thereafter analyzed the sequences.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>We characterized the circulating strains into three known genotypes: SAB4 (1.4%), BA7 (1.4%), and multiple variants of BA9 (97.2%). The majority of BA9 viruses were uniquely Kenyan with only 4% aligning with BA9 lineages found elsewhere. The mean evolutionary rate of the HRSV-B was estimated to be 3.08 × 10<sup>−3</sup> substitutions per site per year.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>Our findings indicate that the circulating HRSV-B viruses in Kenya underwent a slower evolution during the period of 2007–2010. 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Molecular Analysis of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Group B Strains Isolated in Kenya Before and During the Emergence of Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1
Background
We conducted a retrospective study to explore molecular insights into human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) group B strains among patients attending outpatient clinics at government medical facilities both prior and during the onset of Influenza A/H1N1/2009 pandemic outbreak.
Methods
We screened 2300 nasopharyngeal swabs using multiplex real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We amplified a segment of the first and second hypervariable regions, as well as the conserved portion of the third domain of the G-gene using HRSV-B specific primers, sequenced by Sanger di-deoxy chain termination method and thereafter analyzed the sequences.
Results
We characterized the circulating strains into three known genotypes: SAB4 (1.4%), BA7 (1.4%), and multiple variants of BA9 (97.2%). The majority of BA9 viruses were uniquely Kenyan with only 4% aligning with BA9 lineages found elsewhere. The mean evolutionary rate of the HRSV-B was estimated to be 3.08 × 10−3 substitutions per site per year.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that the circulating HRSV-B viruses in Kenya underwent a slower evolution during the period of 2007–2010. Additionally, our findings reveal the existence of a unique lineage as well as new variants that have not been reported elsewhere to date.
期刊介绍：
Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is the official journal of the International Society of Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases - an independent scientific professional society - dedicated to promoting the prevention, detection, treatment, and control of influenza and other respiratory virus diseases.
Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is an Open Access journal. Copyright on any research article published by Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
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