瑞士市场塑料消费品中氯化石蜡和烯烃的测定

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144239

O. Mendo Diaz , A. Tell , S. Hangartner , J. Hutter , U. Stalder , H. Friedl , A.M. Buser , S. Kern , L. Bigler , D. Bleiner , N.V. Heeb

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引用次数: 0

摘要

氯化石蜡（CPs）是一种塑料添加剂，因其持久性、生物蓄积性、潜在的长期环境迁移和不利影响而受到国际监管机构的关注。在这项工作中，对2021年瑞士市场收集的塑料消费品中的CPs进行了分析。采用气相色谱- ecd方法对多达144个塑料样品进行了预筛选。采用LC-APCI-Orbitrap-HRMS方法对含CPs（32.22%）的塑料样品进行同系物分析。用CP-Hunter程序以每个样品秒的速率提取和评估各自的质谱数据。LC-HRMS方法的定性分析揭示了氯化石蜡和烯烃（COs）的独特cnclx同源物分布，突出了瑞士市场上cp混合物的多样性。本文首次报道了塑料消费品中存在C21-至c31同源物。根据指纹图谱和提取的指纹参数，对样品进行主成分分析（PCA）。在生产含cp塑料时，确定了三种工业战略，以遵守或规避法规。这些策略包括避免sccp馏分（a型），不加选择地使用复杂的cp技术混合物（b型），以及不同碳链长度和氯化度的cp技术混合物的组合（c型）。结果表明，使用最多的策略是b型策略，mccp和lccp部分替代sccp。定量分析显示，144份塑料样本中有20份（14%）的SCCP含量超过了瑞士每克塑料1.5毫克SCCP的法定限量。这些塑料样品的cnclx同源物分布为b型和c型。因此，应定期进行监测，以确保塑料制品的成分符合现行规定。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Determination of chlorinated paraffins and olefins in plastic consumer products of the Swiss market

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Determination of chlorinated paraffins and olefins in plastic consumer products of the Swiss market

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are plastic additives, which are targeted by international regulatory entities due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, potential for long-range environmental transport and adverse effects. In this work, CPs were analyzed in plastic consumer products of the Swiss market collected in 2021. Up to 144 plastic samples were pre-screened with a GC-ECD method. Plastic samples containing CPs (32, 22%) were further analyzed at homologue level by an LC-APCI-Orbitrap-HRMS method. Respective mass spectrometric data were extracted and evaluated with the CP-Hunter program at the rate of seconds per sample. Qualitative analysis of the LC-HRMS method revealed distinctive C_nCl_x-homologue distributions of both chlorinated paraffins and olefins (COs), highlighting the diversity of CP-mixtures present in the Swiss market. The presence of C₂₁- to C₃₁-homologues in plastic consumer products is reported herein for the first time. Based on the specific fingerprints and the parameters deduced, these samples were grouped with a principal component analysis (PCA). Three industrial strategies were identified in the manufacturing of CP-containing plastics to either comply with or circumvent regulations. These strategies included the avoidance of the SCCP-fraction (type-A), the indiscriminate use of complex technical CP-mixtures (type-B) and the combination of technical CP-mixtures of different carbon-chain lengths and chlorination degrees (type-C). Results showed that the most used strategy was type-B and a partial substitution of SCCPs by MCCPs and LCCPs. Quantitative analysis exhibited that the SCCP content of 20 (14%) out of 144 plastic samples exceeded the Swiss legal limit of 1.5 mg SCCPs per g of plastic. The C_nCl_x-homologue distribution of these plastic samples were type-B and type-C. Therefore, regular monitoring should be conducted to ensure that the composition of plastic products adheres to current regulations.

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来源期刊

Chemosphere 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

15.80

自引率

8.00%

发文量

4975

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： Chemosphere, being an international multidisciplinary journal, is dedicated to publishing original communications and review articles on chemicals in the environment. The scope covers a wide range of topics, including the identification, quantification, behavior, fate, toxicology, treatment, and remediation of chemicals in the bio-, hydro-, litho-, and atmosphere, ensuring the broad dissemination of research in this field.