中国20岁以下人口呼吸道感染可归因负担的地方证据:来自颗粒物污染的挑战

Junchao Duan, Ruiyang Ding, Menglong Li, Jinlei Qi, Peng Yin, Lijun Wang, Zhiwei Sun, Yifei Hu* and Maigeng Zhou*, 
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2021年,呼吸道感染和结核病是全球第二大死亡原因。根据全球疾病负担研究(GBD) 2021的方法,我们旨在估计1990年至2021年中国20岁以下人口中呼吸道感染和结核病的归因负担和危险因素。2021年,中国20岁以下呼吸道感染和结核病新发病例6.52亿例,12 699例死亡。我们估计9054例(71.2%)死亡和818例 498例(54.6%)残疾调整生命年(DALYs)是由所有评估的危险因素引起的呼吸道感染造成的。西藏、新疆和青海的死亡率在2021年最高,但自1990年以来不断下降。环境颗粒物污染是导致男性死亡的第二大原因,也是导致女性死亡的第一大原因,占2021年呼吸道感染和结核病死亡人数的近五分之一。在33个省份中,有23个省份的环境颗粒物污染是导致死亡和残疾的首要原因,而在西藏和甘肃,它不是造成负担的主要原因。1990 - 2021年,除西藏和甘肃外,33个省份的居民大气污染负担均显著下降,而环境颗粒物污染的人口归因分数(PAF)持续增加。呼吸道感染和结核病的总体负担呈下降趋势,但在相对欠发达地区,这仍然是对婴儿的致命威胁。环境颗粒物污染危害的增加凸显了转向制定预防和干预战略的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Subnational Evidence for the Attributable Burden of Respiratory Infections in China’s Population under 20: Challenges from Particulate Matter Pollution

Respiratory infections and tuberculosis ranked as the second leading global causes of mortality in 2021. Following the methodology from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021, we aimed to estimate the attributable burden and risk factors of respiratory infections and tuberculosis among China’s population under 20 from 1990 to 2021. In 2021, there were 652 million new cases and 12 699 deaths of respiratory infections and tuberculosis among people under 20 years old in China. We estimated 9054 (71.2%) deaths and 818 498 (54.6%) disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from respiratory infections attributed to all evaluated risk factors. Mortality rates were the highest in Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai in 2021, while they constantly decreased since 1990. Ambient particulate matter pollution was the second leading cause of death among males and first among females, accounting for nearly 1/5 of deaths from respiratory infections and tuberculosis in 2021. In 23 of 33 provinces, ambient particulate matter pollution was the first leading cause of death and DALY, while in Xizang and Gansu, it was not the major contributor to the burden. From 1990 to 2021, the burden from household air pollution declined remarkably in all 33 provinces except for Xizang and Gansu, while the population attributable fraction (PAF) of ambient particulate matter pollution continuously increased. The overall burden of respiratory infections and tuberculosis showed a declining trend, while it remained a fatal threat to infants in relatively less developed regions. The raised hazard of ambient particulate matter pollution underscored the necessity of the shift into the formulation of prevention and intervention strategies.

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来源期刊
Environment & Health
Environment & Health 环境科学、健康科学-
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期刊介绍: Environment & Health a peer-reviewed open access journal is committed to exploring the relationship between the environment and human health.As a premier journal for multidisciplinary research Environment & Health reports the health consequences for individuals and communities of changing and hazardous environmental factors. In supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goals the journal aims to help formulate policies to create a healthier world.Topics of interest include but are not limited to:Air water and soil pollutionExposomicsEnvironmental epidemiologyInnovative analytical methodology and instrumentation (multi-omics non-target analysis effect-directed analysis high-throughput screening etc.)Environmental toxicology (endocrine disrupting effect neurotoxicity alternative toxicology computational toxicology epigenetic toxicology etc.)Environmental microbiology pathogen and environmental transmission mechanisms of diseasesEnvironmental modeling bioinformatics and artificial intelligenceEmerging contaminants (including plastics engineered nanomaterials etc.)Climate change and related health effectHealth impacts of energy evolution and carbon neutralizationFood and drinking water safetyOccupational exposure and medicineInnovations in environmental technologies for better healthPolicies and international relations concerned with environmental health
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