患有神经发育障碍的儿童和青少年的身体活动和执行功能：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108246

Chang Liu , Ran Liu , Ruiyuan Tao , Jie Feng , Xiao Liang , Yijian Yang , Cindy Hui-ping Sit

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：本研究旨在探讨体育活动干预对神经发育障碍儿童和青少年执行功能的影响，并确定可能的调节因子和调节因子之间的相互作用。方法：检索Web of Science、PsycINFO、SPORTDiscus、MEDLINE、CINAHL、ERIC等6个数据库，检索时间为建库至2024年1月。纳入了随机对照试验/准实验设计，应用体育活动干预并报告了患有神经发育障碍的儿童和青少年的至少一项执行功能结果。在2024年进行随机多水平meta分析和调节因子分析。结果：纳入39项研究，其中35项用于荟萃分析。研究结果表明,身体活动干预引起显著的好处整体执行功能(树篱的g = 0.60)和它的子域:认知灵活性(树篱的g = 0.60),抑制控制(树篱的g = 0.55),工作记忆(树篱的g = 0.40),和高级功能(树篱的g = 0.83)。疗程持续时间、干预周数、总疗程和总持续时间被确定为调节因子。我们还观察了会话持续时间、身体活动类型、总持续时间、频率和执行功能子域之间的相互作用。结论：体育活动干预可以作为一种替代或辅助方法，促进不同类型神经发育障碍儿童和青少年执行功能的多个方面。然而，体育活动，特别是类型、持续时间和频率，应该仔细设计，以产生显著的效果，当针对不同领域的执行功能的人群。

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Physical activity and executive functions in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective

The current study aimed to examine the effects of physical activity interventions on executive functions in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders and to identify possible moderators and the interactions among moderators.

Methods

Six databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ERIC) were searched from inception to January 2024. Randomized controlled trials/quasi-experimental designs applying physical activity interventions and reporting at least one executive function outcome in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders were included. Random multilevel meta-analyses and moderator analyses were conducted in 2024.

Results

Thirty-nine studies were included, 35 of which were used for meta-analysis. The findings indicated that physical activity interventions elicited significant benefits for overall executive functions (Hedges' g = 0.60) and its subdomains: cognitive flexibility (Hedges' g = 0.60), inhibitory control (Hedges' g = 0.55), working memory (Hedges' g = 0.40), and higher-level functions (Hedges' g = 0.83). Session duration, number of intervention weeks, total session, and total duration were identified as moderators. The interactions among session duration, physical activity type, total duration, frequency, and executive function subdomains were also observed.

Conclusions

Physical activity interventions could serve as an alternative or adjunctive method to promote multiple aspects of executive functions in children and adolescents with different types of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, physical activity, especially the type, session duration and frequency, should be carefully designed to produce significant effects when targeting different domains of executive functions in this population.

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来源期刊

Preventive medicine 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

3.90%

发文量

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Founded in 1972 by Ernst Wynder, Preventive Medicine is an international scholarly journal that provides prompt publication of original articles on the science and practice of disease prevention, health promotion, and public health policymaking. Preventive Medicine aims to reward innovation. It will favor insightful observational studies, thoughtful explorations of health data, unsuspected new angles for existing hypotheses, robust randomized controlled trials, and impartial systematic reviews. Preventive Medicine''s ultimate goal is to publish research that will have an impact on the work of practitioners of disease prevention and health promotion, as well as of related disciplines.