COVID-19 Pandemic, Mental Health Status and Suicide Ideation of Iranian University Students.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching effects on societies globally, including significant psychological impacts. This study aims to address the research gap by examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and suicidality among Iranian university students, comparing prepandemic and pandemic data.

Methods: The data collection for this cross-national study involved 2 sections: prepandemic data from 11,515 records of new incoming students in 2019 and postpandemic data from 27,743 records of students studying in 2020. The data were merged, resulting in a total of 10,240 students for analysis. The instrument used was the "Iranian Mental Health Scale for Students (IMHS). The variables were compared before and during the pandemic using the McNemar and paired t tests. Multiple linear regression models assessed determinants of mental health, while logistic regression examined predictors of suicidal ideation during COVID-19. Risk factors and protective factors on students' mental health and suicidal thoughts during the pandemic were investigated.

Results: The mean mental health score of students during the COVID-19 pandemic was slightly higher than before the pandemic (P = 0.001). The number of suicide attempts among students decreased from 23 before the pandemic to 0 during the pandemic. However, the rate of suicidal ideation increased from 10.2% before the pandemic to 16% during the pandemic.

Conclusion: Evaluating the mental health of university students is crucial to identifying potential issues early and providing appropriate interventions. Understanding the effects of the pandemic on this vulnerable population can inform strategies for supporting their well-being during these challenging times.