Fatemeh Noroozi, Masoumeh Asle-Rousta, Rahim Amini, Zeinab Sahraeian
{"title":"α -蒎烯通过抑制氧化应激、炎症和TGF-β/Smad3信号通路改善肝纤维化。","authors":"Fatemeh Noroozi, Masoumeh Asle-Rousta, Rahim Amini, Zeinab Sahraeian","doi":"10.22038/ijbms.2025.81693.17678","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A monoterpene alpha-pinene possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Here, we investigated the effect of alpha-pinene on molecular, biochemical, and histological changes induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>) in the liver of male Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Animals were divided into four groups: Control, Pinene, CCl<sub>4</sub>, and CCl<sub>4</sub>.Pinene. Pinene and CCl<sub>4</sub>.Pinene groups were given alpha-pinene (50 mg/kg/day) through intraperitoneal (IP) injections for six consecutive weeks. CCl<sub>4</sub> and CCl<sub>4</sub>.Pinene groups received IP injections of CCl<sub>4</sub> (2 ml/kg twice weekly for six consecutive weeks).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that alpha-pinene inhibited enhancing liver enzyme AST (<i>P</i><0.001), ALT (<i>P</i><0.001), ALP (<i>P</i><0.01), and GGT (<i>P</i><0.001) activity in CCl<sub>4</sub>.Pinene rats. It reduced malondialdehyde (<i>P</i><0.05) and nitric oxide (<i>P</i><0.05) levels and increased the catalase enzyme activity (<i>P</i><0.05) and glutathione levels (<i>P</i><0.01) in the liver. Likewise, alpha-pinene suppressed proinflammatory and profibrotic gene expression and prevented significant histological damage and collagen deposition in the liver of these animals. Also, alpha-pinene reduced the expression of TLR4 (<i>P</i><0.01), NF-κB (<i>P</i><0.05), PI3K (<i>P</i><0.05), Akt (<i>P</i><0.05), mTOR (<i>P</i><0.01), TGF-β1 (<i>P</i><0.01), and Smad3 (<i>P</i><0.01) in the liver of rats receiving CCl<sub>4</sub>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We concluded that alpha-pinene reduced CCl<sub>4</sub>-induced liver fibrosis by lowering oxidative stress, suppressing liver inflammation, and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB, TGF-β/Smad3, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Consequently, alpha-pinene may have potential therapeutic value in treating liver diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14495,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","volume":"28 4","pages":"451-460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11831751/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Alpha-pinene ameliorates liver fibrosis by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway.\",\"authors\":\"Fatemeh Noroozi, Masoumeh Asle-Rousta, Rahim Amini, Zeinab Sahraeian\",\"doi\":\"10.22038/ijbms.2025.81693.17678\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A monoterpene alpha-pinene possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Here, we investigated the effect of alpha-pinene on molecular, biochemical, and histological changes induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>) in the liver of male Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Animals were divided into four groups: Control, Pinene, CCl<sub>4</sub>, and CCl<sub>4</sub>.Pinene. Pinene and CCl<sub>4</sub>.Pinene groups were given alpha-pinene (50 mg/kg/day) through intraperitoneal (IP) injections for six consecutive weeks. CCl<sub>4</sub> and CCl<sub>4</sub>.Pinene groups received IP injections of CCl<sub>4</sub> (2 ml/kg twice weekly for six consecutive weeks).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that alpha-pinene inhibited enhancing liver enzyme AST (<i>P</i><0.001), ALT (<i>P</i><0.001), ALP (<i>P</i><0.01), and GGT (<i>P</i><0.001) activity in CCl<sub>4</sub>.Pinene rats. It reduced malondialdehyde (<i>P</i><0.05) and nitric oxide (<i>P</i><0.05) levels and increased the catalase enzyme activity (<i>P</i><0.05) and glutathione levels (<i>P</i><0.01) in the liver. Likewise, alpha-pinene suppressed proinflammatory and profibrotic gene expression and prevented significant histological damage and collagen deposition in the liver of these animals. Also, alpha-pinene reduced the expression of TLR4 (<i>P</i><0.01), NF-κB (<i>P</i><0.05), PI3K (<i>P</i><0.05), Akt (<i>P</i><0.05), mTOR (<i>P</i><0.01), TGF-β1 (<i>P</i><0.01), and Smad3 (<i>P</i><0.01) in the liver of rats receiving CCl<sub>4</sub>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We concluded that alpha-pinene reduced CCl<sub>4</sub>-induced liver fibrosis by lowering oxidative stress, suppressing liver inflammation, and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB, TGF-β/Smad3, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Consequently, alpha-pinene may have potential therapeutic value in treating liver diseases.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14495,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences\",\"volume\":\"28 4\",\"pages\":\"451-460\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11831751/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2025.81693.17678\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2025.81693.17678","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Alpha-pinene ameliorates liver fibrosis by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway.
Objectives: A monoterpene alpha-pinene possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Here, we investigated the effect of alpha-pinene on molecular, biochemical, and histological changes induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in the liver of male Wistar rats.
Materials and methods: Animals were divided into four groups: Control, Pinene, CCl4, and CCl4.Pinene. Pinene and CCl4.Pinene groups were given alpha-pinene (50 mg/kg/day) through intraperitoneal (IP) injections for six consecutive weeks. CCl4 and CCl4.Pinene groups received IP injections of CCl4 (2 ml/kg twice weekly for six consecutive weeks).
Results: The results revealed that alpha-pinene inhibited enhancing liver enzyme AST (P<0.001), ALT (P<0.001), ALP (P<0.01), and GGT (P<0.001) activity in CCl4.Pinene rats. It reduced malondialdehyde (P<0.05) and nitric oxide (P<0.05) levels and increased the catalase enzyme activity (P<0.05) and glutathione levels (P<0.01) in the liver. Likewise, alpha-pinene suppressed proinflammatory and profibrotic gene expression and prevented significant histological damage and collagen deposition in the liver of these animals. Also, alpha-pinene reduced the expression of TLR4 (P<0.01), NF-κB (P<0.05), PI3K (P<0.05), Akt (P<0.05), mTOR (P<0.01), TGF-β1 (P<0.01), and Smad3 (P<0.01) in the liver of rats receiving CCl4.
Conclusion: We concluded that alpha-pinene reduced CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by lowering oxidative stress, suppressing liver inflammation, and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB, TGF-β/Smad3, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Consequently, alpha-pinene may have potential therapeutic value in treating liver diseases.
期刊介绍：
The Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences (IJBMS) is a peer-reviewed, monthly publication by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran . The Journal of "IJBMS” is a modern forum for scientific communication. Data and information, useful to investigators in any discipline in basic medical sciences mainly including Anatomical Sciences, Biochemistry, Genetics, Immunology, Microbiology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Physiology, will be published after they have been peer reviewed. This will also include reviews and multidisciplinary research.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
