Annabelle Vogl, Kimberley Desjardins, Dominic E Ponton, Gesche Winkler, Marc Amyot
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引用次数: 0
摘要
河口过渡带(ETZs)是生物地球化学复杂、营养丰富的环境,支持着多样化和高产的食物网。它们也可能是微生物产生甲基汞(MeHg)和这种神经毒物在食物网底部生物积累的场所。然而,控制这些机制的环境驱动因素尚不清楚。本文研究了北美大型河口圣劳伦斯河口(加拿大quacemenbec) 200 km ETZ内浮游动物MeHg的生物积累模式。我们的方法将ETZ地球化学的动态变化与生态因子(包括群落组成、饮食和栖息地的稳定同位素示踪剂)结合起来,重点关注甲基汞的形态变化。在盐度梯度的驱动下,MeHg的生物积累随着沿ETZ下游距离的增加而减少,并由浮游动物中硫的同位素特征所追踪。甲基汞的形态模型表明,与溶解有机物的络合可以作为甲基汞向浮游动物的营养转移的一个代理。此外,氯离子的存在减少了甲基汞与有机物的结合,从而减少了甲基汞的营养转移。我们提出了一个大型河口ETZ中MeHg循环的概念模型,该模型假设浑浊上游地区的高水平消费者可能面临更高的MeHg毒性风险,但随着盐度的增加,汞含量会急剧下降。
Diminishing Mercury Bioaccumulation in Zooplankton along an Estuarine Salinity Gradient.
Estuarine transition zones (ETZs) are biogeochemically complex, nutrient-rich environments supporting diverse and productive food webs. They may also be sites of microbial production of methylmercury (MeHg) and bioaccumulation of this neurotoxicant at the base of the food web. However, the environmental drivers controlling these mechanisms are unclear. We studied the pattern of MeHg bioaccumulation in zooplankton along the 200 km ETZ of a large North American estuary, the St. Lawrence Estuary (Québec, Canada). Our approach integrated the dynamic variation in ETZ geochemistry, focusing on MeHg speciation change, alongside ecological factors, including community composition and stable isotopic tracers of diet and habitat. MeHg bioaccumulation decreased with distance downstream along the ETZ, driven by the salinity gradient and traced by the isotopic signature of sulfur in zooplankton. MeHg speciation modeling suggested that complexation to dissolved organic matter may be used as a proxy of the trophic transfer of MeHg to zooplankton. Further, the binding of MeHg to organic matter was reduced by the presence of chloride, thus reducing the trophic transfer of MeHg. We propose a conceptual model for MeHg cycling in ETZ of large estuaries that hypothesizes that higher-level consumers in turbid upstream regions may face heightened risks of MeHg toxicity but that Hg levels diminish drastically as salinity increases.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T) is a co-sponsored academic and technical magazine by the Hubei Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau and the Hubei Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences.
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