木材-生物炭对改良土壤细沟侵蚀过程和水文连通性的影响

IF 3.2 3区 地球科学 Q1 Environmental Science
Pellegrino Conte, Calogero Librici, Alessio Nicosia, Vincenzo Palmeri, Vincenzo Pampalone, Vito Ferro
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管人们对生物炭作为土壤改良剂越来越感兴趣,但其抗侵蚀效果仍不确定。本研究旨在评估木材生物炭如何影响改良土壤中的细沟侵蚀和水文连通性。本文首先进行了小区试验,在初始生物炭浓度BC分别为3%和5%的土壤中,将清澈的水流注入两个名为rill3和rill5的小沟中。利用陆地摄影测量法获取实验前后的DEM (Digital Elevation Models),利用差分DEM (DoD)计算侵蚀混合物(沉积物和生物炭)的总体积,同时采集3个小沟流出流量样本,测定生物炭和沉积物速率。然后,利用不同BC(1%、3%、5%、10%和30%)的土壤、生物炭和混合物的实验室小样本,通过快速场循环(FFC)布局的核磁共振(NMR)松弛测量来确定孔隙的大小和分布,从而测量结构和功能的连通性。dds显示,rill5的混合体积小于rill3。此外,在rill5条件下,混合物中生物炭的百分比较高。核磁共振测量表明,生物炭的加入增加了微孔和中孔的大小,而大孔组分不占主导地位。大于5%的生物炭浓度不会对混合物内部的孔隙分布产生明显的变化。生物炭组分使结构连通性提高到BC = 5%。在BC为0% ~ 3%范围内,FCI随BC的增加而降低。综上所述,5%的目标生物炭浓度可以缓解细沟侵蚀现象,有利于改善土壤结构连通性,而不会明显改变功能连通性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Wood-Biochar Influence on Rill Erosion Processes and Hydrological Connectivity in Amended Soils

Wood-Biochar Influence on Rill Erosion Processes and Hydrological Connectivity in Amended Soils

Although there is increasing interest in biochar as a soil amendment, its antierosive effectiveness is still uncertain. This investigation aims at evaluating how wood-biochar affects rill erosion and hydrological connectivity in amended soils. In this paper, at first, plot experiments were performed entering a clear inflow into two rills, named rill3 and rill5, incised in a soil amended with an initial biochar concentration BC in weight of 3% and 5%, respectively. For each rill, terrestrial photogrammetry was used to obtain the Digital Elevation Models (DEM) before and after the experimental runs, and the consequent DEM of difference (DoD) was used to calculate the total volume of the eroded mixture (sediment and biochar), while three samples of rill outflow discharge were collected to determine the biochar and sediment rates. Then, small laboratory samples of the soil, biochar, and mixtures with different BC (1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, and 30%) were used to determine size and distribution of pores, and thus measure the structural and functional connectivity, by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry with the fast field cycling (FFC) layout. The DoDs highlighted that the mixture volume for rill5 was lower than that for rill3. Moreover, the rill5 condition yielded a higher biochar percentage in the mixture. The NMR measurements demonstrated that the biochar addition increases the size of micropores and mesopores, and the macro-pore component is never dominant. Biochar concentrations greater than 5% do not produce appreciable changes in the pore distribution inside the mixture. The biochar component improves the structural connectivity up to BC = 5%. In the BC range of 0%–3%, FCI decreased as BC increased. In conclusion, a target biochar concentration of 5% allows for the mitigation of the rill erosion phenomena, favours the improvement of soil structural connectivity, and does not appreciably modify the functional connectivity.

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来源期刊
Hydrological Processes
Hydrological Processes 环境科学-水资源
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
313
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Hydrological Processes is an international journal that publishes original scientific papers advancing understanding of the mechanisms underlying the movement and storage of water in the environment, and the interaction of water with geological, biogeochemical, atmospheric and ecological systems. Not all papers related to water resources are appropriate for submission to this journal; rather we seek papers that clearly articulate the role(s) of hydrological processes.
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