阿塔卡马沙漠形成时期(3500 - 1000 BP)的矿物珠:考古和区域方法

IF 2.1 2区 地球科学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
Marcela Sepúlveda, Benjamín Ballester, José Cárcamo-Vega, Sebastián Gutiérrez, Francisco Gallardo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在智利北部的阿塔卡马沙漠发展起来的古代采矿活动中,宝石和珍珠生产是两种主要的直接相关的做法。尽管承认该地区矿物学的丰富性,并从宏观上观察到珠子的颜色多样性,但很少有研究解决它们的物理化学特征,以详细说明和准确识别用于生产它们的矿物的性质。这项工作综合了以前在阿塔卡马沙漠和阿根廷西北部对矿物珠的所有分析研究,这两个密切相关的地区具有明显的文化相互作用。之后,我们从智利北部不同地区与形成时期(3500 - 1000 cal. BP)相关的考古背景中精确地确定了一组珠子的矿物学。我们描述了132种不同颜色的矿物珠(蓝色、绿色、白色、黑色和赭石色),并首次使用拉曼光谱作为一种非破坏性技术来精确测定其中84种的矿物学。根据该地区五个不同地区的物理化学特征和空间分布,我们确认了其生产中使用的矿物种类繁多,以及它们在形成时期发生的经济相互作用中的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mineral beads of the formative period (3500 − 1000 BP) in the atacama desert: an archeometrical and regional approach

Lapidary and bead production were two of the main related and direct practices of ancient mining activity that developed in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. Despite acknowledging the richness of mineralogy in the region and macroscopically observing a great diversity of beads in terms of color, few studies have addressed their physical-chemical characterization to specify and accurately identify the nature of the minerals used for their production. This work synthesizes all previous analytical studies of mineral beads in the Atacama Desert and Northwestern Argentina, two closely related regions with demonstrated cultural interactions. Afterward, we precise the mineralogy of a large set of beads from archaeological contexts associated with the Formative Period (3500 − 1000 cal. BP) from different localities in the north of Chile. We described 132 mineral beads of various colors (blue, green, white, black, and ochre) and used, for the first time, Raman spectroscopy as a non-destructive technique to precise the mineralogy of 84 of them. Based on the physical-chemical characterization and spatial distribution from five different localities of the region, we confirm the wide variety of minerals used in their production and their importance in the economic interactions occurring during the Formative Period.

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来源期刊
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
18.20%
发文量
199
期刊介绍: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences covers the full spectrum of natural scientific methods with an emphasis on the archaeological contexts and the questions being studied. It bridges the gap between archaeologists and natural scientists providing a forum to encourage the continued integration of scientific methodologies in archaeological research. Coverage in the journal includes: archaeology, geology/geophysical prospection, geoarchaeology, geochronology, palaeoanthropology, archaeozoology and archaeobotany, genetics and other biomolecules, material analysis and conservation science. The journal is endorsed by the German Society of Natural Scientific Archaeology and Archaeometry (GNAA), the Hellenic Society for Archaeometry (HSC), the Association of Italian Archaeometrists (AIAr) and the Society of Archaeological Sciences (SAS).
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