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IF 4.1 2区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

European Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI:10.1007/s00394-024-03572-y

Elinor Hallström, Josefin Edwall Löfvenborg, Lotta Moreaus, Agneta Sjöberg, Anna Winkvist, Anna Karin Lindroos

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：微量营养素摄入不足的风险是低气候影响膳食所关注的问题。本研究分析了受不同饮食气候影响的青少年缺铁症（ID）的发病率，特别是不同类型和饮食来源的铁：膳食摄入量（n = 3099）和血浆铁蛋白（n = 1030）数据来自 Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-2017 年对 11-18 岁瑞典女孩和男孩的调查。膳食对气候的影响通过生命周期评估数据进行估算。线性回归和逻辑回归模型评估了膳食气候影响、铁和食物组摄入量以及身份证之间的关联：结果：总铁和血红素铁（而非血红素铁）摄入量较高与膳食气候影响较高呈线性相关。与女孩相比，男孩的气候影响较高，而 ID 的发病率较低。与最低四分位数相比，气候影响最高四分位数的女孩患 ID 的几率要低 56%（OR 0.44，95% CI 0.24-0.81），而男孩则没有发现相关性。女孩摄入的红肉和血红素铁较少与内分泌失调有关，而男孩摄入的乳制品较多与内分泌失调有关。月经期女孩和在瑞典以外出生的青少年是ID的高危人群：结论：与膳食气候影响较大的女孩相比，膳食气候更友好且红肉/血红素铁摄入量较低的女孩患 ID 的风险可能更高。这些结果凸显了在向气候影响较小的植物性饮食过渡时，考虑月经期女孩等ID风险群体的重要性。

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Iron intake and iron status of Swedish adolescents with diets of varying climate impact.

Purpose: The risk of inadequate micronutrient intake is a concern of low-climate impact diets. This study analyzes the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) among adolescents with varying dietary climate impact, with special reference to different types and dietary sources of iron.

Methods: Data on dietary intake (n = 3099) and plasma ferritin (n = 1030) were from Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-2017 survey of Swedish girls and boys aged 11-18 years. Dietary climate impact was estimated with life cycle assessment data. Linear and logistic regression models assessed associations between dietary climate impact, intakes of iron and food groups, and ID.

Results: Higher total iron and heme, but not non-heme, iron intake, was linearly associated with higher dietary climate impact. Compared to girls, boys had higher climate impact and low prevalence of ID. Girls in the highest climate impact quartile had 56% lower odds of ID (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.24-0.81) compared to the lowest quartile, whereas no association was found in boys. Lower intake of red meat and heme iron was associated with ID in girls, while higher intake of dairy was associated with ID in boys. Menstruating girls and adolescents born outside of Sweden were identified risk groups for ID.

Conclusions: Girls with a more climate-friendly diet and lower intake of red meat/heme iron may be at higher risk of ID compared to girls with higher dietary climate impact. These results highlight the importance of considering risk groups of ID, such as menstruating girls, in the transition to more plant-based diets with lower climate impact.

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来源期刊

European Journal of Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

2.00%

发文量

295

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Nutrition publishes original papers, reviews, and short communications in the nutritional sciences. The manuscripts submitted to the European Journal of Nutrition should have their major focus on the impact of nutrients and non-nutrients on immunology and inflammation, gene expression, metabolism, chronic diseases, or carcinogenesis, or a major focus on epidemiology, including intervention studies with healthy subjects and with patients, biofunctionality of food and food components, or the impact of diet on the environment.