{"title":"Characterization of DNA methylation profile of the entire CpG island spanning the 5′ untranslated region to intron 1 of the Oct4/POU5F1 gene in bovine gametes, embryos, and somatic cells","authors":"Amanda Oliveira Moura, Thainara Christie Ferreira Silva, Alexandre Rodrigues Caetano, Nayara Ribeiro Kussano, Margot Alves Nunes Dode, Maurício Machaim Franco","doi":"10.1111/age.70002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that exhibit a bivalent chromatin state that determines their fate. These cells have potential applications in human and animal health and livestock production. Somatic cell nuclear transfer or cloning is currently being used to produce genetically edited animals. A highly differentiated genome is the main obstacle to correcting epigenetic reprogramming by enucleated oocytes during cloning. Activation of pluripotency genes in the somatic genome is a promising strategy to contribute to more efficient epigenetic reprogramming, improving this technique. Recently, epigenome editing has emerged as a new generation of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 technology with the aim of modifying the cellular epigenome to turn genes on or off without modifying DNA. Here, we characterize the DNA methylation profile of the CpG island spanning the 5′ untranslated region to intron 1 of the bovine <i>octamer-binding transcription factor</i> (<i>Oct4</i>) gene in gametes, embryos, and fibroblasts. DNA methylation patterns were categorized into three levels: low (0%–20%), moderate (21%–50%), and high (51%–100%). Sperm and embryos showed a hypomethylation pattern, whereas oocytes exhibited a hypo- to moderate methylation pattern. Fetal and adult skin fibroblasts were hypomethylated and moderately methylated, respectively. These results are essential for future studies aimed at manipulating the expression of <i>Oct4</i>. Thus, epigenome editing can be used to turn on the <i>Oct4</i> in somatic cells to generate induced pluripotent stem cells. This strategy could potentially convert a fully differentiated cell into a cell with certain degree of pluripotency, facilitating nuclear reprogramming by the enucleated oocyte and improving cloning success rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":7905,"journal":{"name":"Animal genetics","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Animal genetics","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/age.70002","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Characterization of DNA methylation profile of the entire CpG island spanning the 5′ untranslated region to intron 1 of the Oct4/POU5F1 gene in bovine gametes, embryos, and somatic cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that exhibit a bivalent chromatin state that determines their fate. These cells have potential applications in human and animal health and livestock production. Somatic cell nuclear transfer or cloning is currently being used to produce genetically edited animals. A highly differentiated genome is the main obstacle to correcting epigenetic reprogramming by enucleated oocytes during cloning. Activation of pluripotency genes in the somatic genome is a promising strategy to contribute to more efficient epigenetic reprogramming, improving this technique. Recently, epigenome editing has emerged as a new generation of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 technology with the aim of modifying the cellular epigenome to turn genes on or off without modifying DNA. Here, we characterize the DNA methylation profile of the CpG island spanning the 5′ untranslated region to intron 1 of the bovine octamer-binding transcription factor (Oct4) gene in gametes, embryos, and fibroblasts. DNA methylation patterns were categorized into three levels: low (0%–20%), moderate (21%–50%), and high (51%–100%). Sperm and embryos showed a hypomethylation pattern, whereas oocytes exhibited a hypo- to moderate methylation pattern. Fetal and adult skin fibroblasts were hypomethylated and moderately methylated, respectively. These results are essential for future studies aimed at manipulating the expression of Oct4. Thus, epigenome editing can be used to turn on the Oct4 in somatic cells to generate induced pluripotent stem cells. This strategy could potentially convert a fully differentiated cell into a cell with certain degree of pluripotency, facilitating nuclear reprogramming by the enucleated oocyte and improving cloning success rates.
期刊介绍：
Animal Genetics reports frontline research on immunogenetics, molecular genetics and functional genomics of economically important and domesticated animals. Publications include the study of variability at gene and protein levels, mapping of genes, traits and QTLs, associations between genes and traits, genetic diversity, and characterization of gene or protein expression and control related to phenotypic or genetic variation.
The journal publishes full-length articles, short communications and brief notes, as well as commissioned and submitted mini-reviews on issues of interest to Animal Genetics readers.
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