伊拉克库尔德斯坦市售奶粉中潜在有毒重金属的测定

Journal of trace elements and minerals Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI:10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100219

Hiwa Mohammad Qadr, Midya Hussen Ibrahim, Hanifa Younis Hassan

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引用次数: 0

摘要

近年来，奶制品已成为一种流行的人体营养素，因为它们含有对各种器官和组织的发育和功能至关重要的维生素和矿物质。此外，过量摄入这些维生素和矿物质可能会对我们的健康产生不利影响。目的测定从伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区市场采集的14份奶粉样品中镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）和锌（Zn） 5种潜在有毒重金属的浓度。利用实验数据，通过金属污染指数（MPI）、估计每日金属摄入量（EDIM）、人体健康风险指数（HHRI）和危害指数（HI）确定成人潜在健康风险。本研究采用能量色散x射线荧光（EDXRF）测定浓度。结果奶粉样品中Cd、Pb、Ni、Cu和Zn的平均浓度分别为0.079、0.042、0.077、0.056和0.847 mg kg - 1。根据估计的每日金属摄入量（EDIM）的结果，发现这些金属对人体健康的影响非常小。危害指数（HI）值小于1的占36%，大于1的占64%。结论成人食用奶粉可能存在潜在的健康风险，应对其他蛋白质来源的金属含量进行监测。

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Determination of potentially toxic heavy metals in milk powder marketed in Kurdistan of Iraq

Background

Milk products have become a popular human nutrient in recent years because of their vitamins and minerals that are essential for the development and function of various organs and tissues. Additionally, excessive consumption of these vitamins and minerals may adversely affect our health.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the concentration of five potentially toxic heavy metals, namely cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in 14 samples of powdered milk collected from the Iraqi Kurdistan Region markets. Furthermore, the experimental data were then used to determine the potential health risk for an adult age through the metal pollution index (MPI), estimated daily intake of metals (EDIM), human health risk index (HHRI) and hazard index (HI)

Methodology

In this study, the concentrations were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF).

Results

The findings demonstrate that the mean concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Zn in powdered milk samples were 0.079, 0.042, 0.077, 0.056 and 0.847 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. Human health was found to be very lowly affected by these metals based on the results of the estimated daily intake of metals (EDIM). Hazard index (HI) values in 36 % were less than 1 and 64 % were higher than 1.

Conclusion

The consumption of powdered milk by adults may pose potential health risks, and other protein sources should be monitored for metals.

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来源期刊

Journal of trace elements and minerals Medicine and Dentistry (General), Analytical Chemistry, Environmental Science (General), Toxicology, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (General), Nutrition, Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine (General)

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

65 days