教育、牙齿脱落和牙科就诊:来自学校教育改革的证据

IF 5.7 1区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
S.-E. Baumeister, S. Listl, G.G. Nascimento, M. Nolde
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引用次数: 0

摘要

许多研究表明,教育与牙齿脱落和牙科服务的使用有关,但考虑到先前的研究缺乏评估因果关系的研究设计,扩大教育机会是否会减少牙齿脱落和提高牙科护理率仍不清楚。我们利用一项政策改革,提高离校年龄,作为一个工具变量(IV),利用来自行为风险因素监测系统(BRFSS;N = 463,878)。我们还利用欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查(SHARE;N = 69,929)。应用IV probit模型,我们发现额外一年的学校教育使蛀牙的可能性降低了2.9个百分点(95%置信区间[CI]:−0.041;−0.017),就诊可能性提高1.2个百分点(95% CI: 0.01;0.024),对欧洲的牙科就诊也有类似的影响。估计对于不同的模型规格和不完美外生性的合理数量是稳健的。阴性对照分析支持我们研究结果的有效性。这项研究提供了一致的证据,证明延长学校教育可以降低蛀牙的风险,并增加定期看牙医的机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Education, Tooth Loss, and Dental Visits: Evidence from Schooling Reforms
Numerous studies have shown that education correlates with tooth loss and dental services use, but whether expanding educational opportunities would reduce tooth loss and improve dental attendance remains unclear given that prior studies lacked a study design to assess causality. We leveraged a policy reform, raising the school leaving age, as an instrumental variable (IV) to estimate the effect of education on edentulism and dental visits in the United States using the repeated cross-sectional data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS; N = 463,878). We additionally examined the effect of education on dental visits using longitudinal data from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE; N = 69,929). Applying IV probit models, we found 1 extra year of schooling reduced edentulism likelihood by 2.9 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.041; −0.017) and increased dental visit likelihood by 1.2 percentage points (95% CI: 0.01; 0.024) in the United States, with similar effects on dental visits in Europe. Estimates were robust to different model specifications and plausible amounts of imperfect exogeneity. Negative control analysis supported the validity of our findings. This study provides consistent evidence that extended schooling reduces edentulism risk and increases regular dental attendance.
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来源期刊
Journal of Dental Research
Journal of Dental Research 医学-牙科与口腔外科
CiteScore
15.30
自引率
3.90%
发文量
155
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Dental Research (JDR) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal committed to sharing new knowledge and information on all sciences related to dentistry and the oral cavity, covering health and disease. With monthly publications, JDR ensures timely communication of the latest research to the oral and dental community.
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