Lipedema awareness in fibromyalgia.

Objectives: To evaluate the presence of lipedema and lipedema-related factors in fibromyalgia patients.

Methods: The study included 100 female patients over the age of 18 who met the fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. The patients were evaluated for the presence/stages of lipedema. The body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, and presence of hematoma tendency/telangiectasias were recorded. Patients were asked to mark the severity of their pain (widespread/on lipedema) on a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). The ACR 2016 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Criteria, The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and The Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire were applied.

Results: Lipedema was observed in 50% of the patients (58% Stage 1 lipedema). In the lipedema group, age, duration of fibromyalgia diagnosis, hematoma tendency/presence of telangiectasias (for all; p < .001), menopausal status (p = .004), BDI score (p = .04), BMI (p = .02), history of medication for fibromyalgia (p = .01) were higher, and age at menarche (p = .01) was lower. Lipedema stage was moderately positively correlated with BMI, number of pregnancies (for both; r:0.53 p < .001) and waist-height ratio (r:0.43 p:0.002), while VAS-lipedema pain intensity was strongly positively correlated with VAS-widespread pain intensity (r:0.62 p < .001), and moderately positively correlated with symptom severity score (r:0.55 p < .001), BMI (r:0.54 p < .001), and fibromyalgia severity score (r:0.51 p < .001). Long fibromyalgia diagnosis time (p: 0.005), and low age at menarche (p: 0.05) were significant risk factors for the presence of lipedema.

Conclusions: Lipedema is common in fibromyalgia patients. Long fibromyalgia diagnosis time and low age at menarche are significant risk factors for the presence of lipedema.