基于堆叠物种分布模型的美国西海岸专属经济区深海珊瑚和海绵的多分类预测及其与拖网封锁区的关系

IF 4.6 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Arvind Shantharam, Matthew Poti, Arliss Winship, Yee Lau, Heather Coleman, Danielle Weissman, Renee Eaton, Robert McGuinn, Just Cebrian, Thomas Hourigan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的利用丰富的深海珊瑚和海绵物种分布模型(SDMs)对深海珊瑚和海绵进行群落水平的预测。将其与脆弱海洋生态系统(VMEs)的保护信息(由于它们对海底拖网捕捞的敏感性)相结合,可以在多分类的基础上评估美国西海岸已建立的海底保护的有效性,即基本鱼类栖息地和保护区(拖网关闭区)。由此,我们试图回答以下问题:(1)能否对美国西海岸的多类群、拖网敏感的DSCS分布进行准确的预测;(2)目前的拖网保护与多类群分布预测在多大程度上重叠,以及对保护和管理的影响是什么?地理位置:美国西海岸海域。方法对DSCS的40个sdm进行聚类分析,可识别为VME指标,并根据区域渔业管理组织使用的标准分配VME指标得分。对聚类中分类群的SDM进行叠加和平均,得到堆叠SDM (S-SDM)预测图。为了便于解释,将所有预测图划分为5个生境适宜性等级。计算底栖生态区域-水深边界内的总面积和与底拖网封闭区重叠的百分比,分别用于空间背景化和确定S-SDMs的保护覆盖率。结果聚类分析鉴定出10组代表该地区独特的S-SDMs。聚集在一起的分类群以前在调查中被记录在一起,但一些新的关联被报道。在地理上,预测的发生范围可以沿着整个西部大陆边缘,受到高度限制,或受到公认的生物地理界限的限制。VME指标指标范围从低到中等。当计算拖网覆盖率相对于建模域中的适用性时,对于大多数S-SDMs的最高适用性类别,拖网保护被证明是大的。结果表明,聚类方法在识别已知和记录的DSCS分类群之间的关联方面具有一定的优势,但也存在一些问题,并且对S-SDMs的VME指标得分较低或中等,削弱了该指标应传达的保护信息。再加上最高适合性类的预测范围很小,因此很难为管理目的全面推荐这种方法。我们讨论方法改进的途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Multi-Taxon Predictions of Deep-Sea Corals and Sponges From Stacked Species Distribution Models in the United States West Coast Exclusive Economic Zone and Relation to Trawl Closure Zones

Multi-Taxon Predictions of Deep-Sea Corals and Sponges From Stacked Species Distribution Models in the United States West Coast Exclusive Economic Zone and Relation to Trawl Closure Zones

Aim

Abundant species distribution models (SDMs) of deep-sea corals and sponges (DSCS) allow one to make community-level predictions about DSCS. Pairing that with the conservation information of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) due to their sensitivity to seafloor trawling, one can assess the efficacy of established seafloor protections, known as Essential Fish Habitat and Conservation Areas (trawl closure areas), in the United States West Coast on a multi-taxon basis. From this, we seek to answer the following questions: (1) can accurate multi-taxon, trawl-sensitive DSCS distribution predictions be made for the US West Coast and (2) to what extent do current trawl protections overlap with multi-taxon distribution predictions and what are the conservation and management implications?

Location

United States West Coast marine waters.

Methods

A cluster analysis was run on 40 SDMs of DSCS, identifiable as VME indicators and assigned a VME indicator score based on criteria used by regional fisheries management organisations. SDMs of taxa in clusters were stacked and averaged to produce stacked SDM (S-SDM) prediction maps. All prediction maps were classified into five habitat suitability classes to facilitate interpretation. The total area within benthic ecoregion-bathymetric boundaries and the percentage overlap with the bottom trawl closure zone were computed for spatial contextualization and to determine protection coverage for S-SDMs, respectively.

Results

Cluster analysis identified 10 groups that represent unique S-SDMs for the region. Taxa clustered together have previously been documented together in surveys but some novel associations are reported. Geographically, the predicted occurrences can range along the entire western continental margin, be highly restricted, or constrained by recognised biogeographic boundaries. VME indicator metrics ranged from low to moderate. When trawl coverage was computed relative to the suitability's prevalence in the modelling domain, trawl protection was shown to be large for the highest suitability classes for most of the S-SDMs.

Main Conclusions

Results indicate the clustering approach has some strengths in identifying known and documented associations between DSCS taxa but some are problematic and produce low to moderate VME indicator scores for S-SDMs, undercutting the conservation information the metric should convey. Coupled with the small predicted areas of the highest suitability classes, the wholesale recommendation for this approach for management purposes is difficult. We discuss avenues for methodological improvements.

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来源期刊
Diversity and Distributions
Diversity and Distributions 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
4.30%
发文量
195
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Diversity and Distributions is a journal of conservation biogeography. We publish papers that deal with the application of biogeographical principles, theories, and analyses (being those concerned with the distributional dynamics of taxa and assemblages) to problems concerning the conservation of biodiversity. We no longer consider papers the sole aim of which is to describe or analyze patterns of biodiversity or to elucidate processes that generate biodiversity.
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