Relevance and Timing of Implant-Driven Rehabilitation in Central Giant Cell Granuloma Cases—A Scoping Review

Objectives

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a rare benign tumor. Extended aggressive lesions require large resections, which can lead to bone defects and tooth loss. Rehabilitative treatment is necessary to restore good aesthetics and function. However, the protocol for implant treatment post-CGCG is still unclear. The objective of this scoping review is to shed light on the rehabilitation protocol for CGCG sites by outlining the relevance and timing of implant surgery and prosthetic rehabilitation.

Materials and methods

The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses statement and searched databases for data published between 1999 and 2023. The scoping review aimed to answer the question: “In patients with a diagnosed and treated CGCG, able to receive an implant, does the CGCG tumor recur before or after implant surgery”? Only articles that described cases where patients with a diagnosed CGCG received an implant in a site previously affected by CGCG were included.

Results

The review describes seven case reports and one case series that discuss implantology-driven restoration after CGCG exeresis in humans. The patients, aged between 7 and 80 years, underwent surgical removal of CGCG and received implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation. A total of 34 implants were placed between 4 and 60 months after the tumor-resection surgery. No recurring lesions were observed during the follow-up period, which ranged between 2 and 12 years.

Conclusions

Based on the limited evidence available, it appears that implant placement after CGCG removal is safe after a minimum of 4 months of healing. However, further research is necessary to confirm this conclusion.