Angela Rovera, Ali S. Alzahrani, Guido Rovera, Paul Anderson
{"title":"腮腺唾液成分对龋病相关磷酸盐化学状态的影响","authors":"Angela Rovera, Ali S. Alzahrani, Guido Rovera, Paul Anderson","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70089","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objectives</h3>\n \n <p>The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of parotid saliva (PS) composition on the phosphate species' chemical state in relation to dental caries.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Unilateral stimulated PS samples were collected from 21 healthy adult subjects using a Lashley cup. Clinical caries scores of each subject were classified using the ICDAS score. The pH was recorded for each saliva sample. The concentration of specific inorganic elements (K<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup>) was measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The PS effective concentration of ions and the degree of saturation (DS) with respect to enamel mineral were determined by speciation calculation. The PS chemical environment was determined using <sup>31</sup>P-Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance-Spectroscopy (<sup>31</sup>P-NMR). Pearson's correlation test was applied to evaluate the influence of PS composition on the ICDAS score.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The pH varied from 5.9 to 7.6. The ICDAS scores varied from 0.03 to 2.48. PS was supersaturated with respect to HAp at all pH values. The <sup>31</sup>P-NMR peak position value reflects the phosphate chemical state within PS and its change in relation to pH. Only calcium ion concentration [Ca<sup>2+</sup>], aluminum activity {Al<sup>3+</sup>}, and DS<sub>HAp</sub> significantly correlated with the <sup>31</sup>P-NMR peak position value (ppm), whereas no correlation was observed between the <sup>31</sup>P-NMR peak position value and the activities of K<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup>, and Zn<sup>2+</sup>.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This parotid saliva <sup>31</sup>P-NMR study has shown that calcium ion concentration [Ca<sup>2+</sup>], aluminum activity {Al<sup>3+</sup>}, and DS<sub>HAp</sub> significantly influence the phosphate species' chemical state existing within PS and provides extended knowledge on the main biochemical determinants of the caries process.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70089","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries\",\"authors\":\"Angela Rovera, Ali S. Alzahrani, Guido Rovera, Paul Anderson\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/cre2.70089\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Objectives</h3>\\n \\n <p>The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of parotid saliva (PS) composition on the phosphate species' chemical state in relation to dental caries.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>Unilateral stimulated PS samples were collected from 21 healthy adult subjects using a Lashley cup. Clinical caries scores of each subject were classified using the ICDAS score. The pH was recorded for each saliva sample. The concentration of specific inorganic elements (K<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, and Mg<sup>2+</sup>) was measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The PS effective concentration of ions and the degree of saturation (DS) with respect to enamel mineral were determined by speciation calculation. The PS chemical environment was determined using <sup>31</sup>P-Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance-Spectroscopy (<sup>31</sup>P-NMR). Pearson's correlation test was applied to evaluate the influence of PS composition on the ICDAS score.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>The pH varied from 5.9 to 7.6. The ICDAS scores varied from 0.03 to 2.48. PS was supersaturated with respect to HAp at all pH values. The <sup>31</sup>P-NMR peak position value reflects the phosphate chemical state within PS and its change in relation to pH. Only calcium ion concentration [Ca<sup>2+</sup>], aluminum activity {Al<sup>3+</sup>}, and DS<sub>HAp</sub> significantly correlated with the <sup>31</sup>P-NMR peak position value (ppm), whereas no correlation was observed between the <sup>31</sup>P-NMR peak position value and the activities of K<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup>, and Zn<sup>2+</sup>.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>This parotid saliva <sup>31</sup>P-NMR study has shown that calcium ion concentration [Ca<sup>2+</sup>], aluminum activity {Al<sup>3+</sup>}, and DS<sub>HAp</sub> significantly influence the phosphate species' chemical state existing within PS and provides extended knowledge on the main biochemical determinants of the caries process.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10203,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research\",\"volume\":\"11 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-02-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70089\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cre2.70089\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cre2.70089","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Influence of Parotid Saliva Composition on Phosphate Species' Chemical State in Relation to Dental Caries
Objectives
The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of parotid saliva (PS) composition on the phosphate species' chemical state in relation to dental caries.
Methods
Unilateral stimulated PS samples were collected from 21 healthy adult subjects using a Lashley cup. Clinical caries scores of each subject were classified using the ICDAS score. The pH was recorded for each saliva sample. The concentration of specific inorganic elements (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Al3+, Sr2+, Li+, Zn2+, and Mg2+) was measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The PS effective concentration of ions and the degree of saturation (DS) with respect to enamel mineral were determined by speciation calculation. The PS chemical environment was determined using 31P-Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance-Spectroscopy (31P-NMR). Pearson's correlation test was applied to evaluate the influence of PS composition on the ICDAS score.
Results
The pH varied from 5.9 to 7.6. The ICDAS scores varied from 0.03 to 2.48. PS was supersaturated with respect to HAp at all pH values. The 31P-NMR peak position value reflects the phosphate chemical state within PS and its change in relation to pH. Only calcium ion concentration [Ca2+], aluminum activity {Al3+}, and DSHAp significantly correlated with the 31P-NMR peak position value (ppm), whereas no correlation was observed between the 31P-NMR peak position value and the activities of K+, Na+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Li+, and Zn2+.
Conclusions
This parotid saliva 31P-NMR study has shown that calcium ion concentration [Ca2+], aluminum activity {Al3+}, and DSHAp significantly influence the phosphate species' chemical state existing within PS and provides extended knowledge on the main biochemical determinants of the caries process.
期刊介绍：
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.
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