Levels of sCD163 in women rheumatoid arthritis: Relationship with cardiovascular risk markers

Aim

The soluble scavenger receptor differentiation antigen 163 (sCD163), a monocyte/macrophage activation marker, is related to cardiovascular mortality in the general population. This study aimed to evaluate their relationship between serum levels of sCD163 with cardiovascular risk indicators in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed on 80 women diagnosed with RA. The cardiovascular risks were determined using the lipid profile, metabolic syndrome, and QRISK3 calculator. For the assessment of RA activity, we evaluated the DAS28 with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). The serum levels of sCD163 were determined by the ELISA method. Logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve were used to assess the association and predictive value of sCD163 with cardiovascular risk in RA patients.

Results

Levels of sCD163 were significantly higher in RA patients with high sensitivity protein C-reactive to HDL-c ratio (CHR) ≥ 0.121 (p = 0.003), total cholesterol/HDL-c ratio > 7% (p = 0.004), LDL-c/HDL-c ratio > 3% (p = 0.035), atherogenic index of plasma > 0.21 (p = 0.004), cardiometabolic index (CMI) ≥ 1.70 (p = 0.005), and high DAS28-ESR (p = 0.004). In multivariate analysis, levels of sCD163 ≥ 1107.3 ng/mL were associated with CHR ≥ 0.121 (OR = 3.43, p = 0.020), CMI ≥ 1.70 (OR = 4.25, p = 0.005), total cholesterol/HDL-c ratio > 7% (OR = 6.63, p = 0.044), as well as with DAS28-ESR > 3.2 (OR = 8.10, p = 0.008). Moreover, levels of sCD163 predicted CHR ≥ 0.121 (AUC = 0.701), cholesterol total/HDL ratio > 7% (AUC = 0.764), and DAS28-ESR > 3.2 (AUC = 0.720).

Conclusion

Serum levels of sCD163 could be considered a surrogate of cardiovascular risk and clinical activity in RA.