头发中的大麻素及其与青少年心理和身体健康结果的前瞻性关联。
IF 2.6
3区 医学
Q3 NEUROSCIENCES
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：大麻是青少年早期最广泛使用的药物之一，这是发育的关键时期。大麻植物中的大麻素（例如，德尔塔-9-四氢大麻酚[THC]和大麻二酚[CBD]）被认为具有一系列健康影响。鉴于内源性大麻素系统（ECS）的性别差异，这些可能因性别而异。然而，心理和身体健康的各个方面与大麻的使用之间的关系，通过头发浓度来衡量，无论是在青春期早期还是跨性别，到目前为止还没有定论。方法：我们分析了来自青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究（N = 2262）的9-15岁 青年（49% %女性）的三种大麻素分析物（THC、CBD和11-no -9-羧基四氢大麻酚[THCCOOH]）的头发毒理学数据和多项心理和身体健康指标。两部分线性回归模型拟合评估大麻成分存在、浓度和THC浓度+ CBD存在对外化和内化症状、身体和强化运动、哮喘存在和睡眠时间的影响。二次分析符合相同的模型，但按性别分层。最后，为了进一步表征这些关系，我们进行了两项探索性分析：我们前瞻性地评估了健康变量，同时预测了大麻素浓度。所有分析均采用错误发现率修正。结果：在整个样本中，THC浓度越高，一年后力量锻炼的频率越高；CBD浓度越高，力量锻炼天数越少；thccoooh浓度越高，睡眠时间越短。在男性中，大麻素对锻炼天数的预测存在差异；四氢大麻酚和四氢大麻酚浓度越高，睡眠时间越短。在女性中，更大的四氢大麻酚和四氢大麻酚浓度预测力量运动频率，四氢大麻酚浓度预测更短的睡眠时间。在探索性模型中，哮喘的存在预测了一年后THCCOOH的浓度。同时，THC浓度单独和CBD存在时预测睡眠时间和较短的运动天数，而thccoooh浓度预测较短的运动天数，较少的哮喘存在以及更大的内化和外化症状。结论：在一项针对9-15岁 青少年的全国性研究中，我们发现大麻素头发浓度预测了一年后健康结果的差异，这提示了THC和CBD对健康影响的潜在差异机制。此外，在这些前瞻性关联中的性别特异性观察强调了在调查大麻使用相关因素时考虑出生性别的重要性。对头发中大麻素浓度的分析可以揭示与心理健康、身体活动和睡眠的关键联系，有助于理解大麻的复杂影响。本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。
Cannabinoids in hair and their prospective association with mental and physical health outcomes in adolescents
Background
Cannabis is one of the most widely used drugs in early adolescence, a crucial time for development. Cannabinoids within the cannabis plant (e.g., delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC], and cannabidiol [CBD]) are suggested to have a range of health implications. These may differ by sex, given sex differences in the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Yet, how aspects of mental and physical health are related to cannabis use as measured by hair concentrations, both within early adolescence and across sexes, is so far inconclusive.
Methods
We analyzed hair toxicology data from three cannabinoid analytes (THC, CBD, and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC [THCCOOH]) and multiple mental and physical health measures in 9–15 year-old youth (49 % female) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 2262). Two-part linear regression models were fit to assess the effects of cannabis constituent presence, concentrations, and THC concentrations + CBD presence on externalizing and internalizing symptoms, physical and strengthening exercise, asthma presence, and sleep duration. Secondary analyses fit the same models but stratified by sex. Finally, to further characterize these relationships, we conducted two exploratory analyses: we assessed health variables prospectively and concurrently predicting cannabinoid concentrations. False discovery rate corrections were employed for all analyses.
Results
In the full sample, greater THC concentrations predicted more frequent strength exercise one year later; greater CBD concentrations predicted fewer strength exercise days; and greater THCCOOH concentrations predicted shorter sleep duration. Among males, cannabinoids differentially predicted exercise days; greater THC and THCCOOH concentrations predicted shorter sleep duration. Among females, greater THC and THCCOOH concentrations predicted strength exercise frequency, and THC concentrations predicted shorter sleep duration. In exploratory models, asthma presence predicted THCCOOH concentration one year later. Concurrently, THC concentration alone and in the presence of CBD predicted both sleep duration and lower exercise days, while THCCOOH concentration predicted lower exercise days, less asthma presence, as well as greater internalizing and externalizing symptoms.
Conclusion
In a nationwide study of youth ages 9–15 years old, we found cannabinoid hair concentrations predicted differences in health outcomes a year later, suggesting potential differential mechanisms for THC and CBD effects on health. Furthermore, sex-specific observations in these prospective associations emphasize the importance of considering sex assigned at birth when investigating correlates of cannabis use. Analysis of cannabinoid hair concentrations can reveal key links to mental health, physical activity, and sleep, aiding understanding of complex cannabis effects.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
10.30%
发文量
48
审稿时长
58 days
期刊介绍：
Neurotoxicology and Teratology provides a forum for publishing new information regarding the effects of chemical and physical agents on the developing, adult or aging nervous system. In this context, the fields of neurotoxicology and teratology include studies of agent-induced alterations of nervous system function, with a focus on behavioral outcomes and their underlying physiological and neurochemical mechanisms. The Journal publishes original, peer-reviewed Research Reports of experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies that address the neurotoxicity and/or functional teratology of pesticides, solvents, heavy metals, nanomaterials, organometals, industrial compounds, mixtures, drugs of abuse, pharmaceuticals, animal and plant toxins, atmospheric reaction products, and physical agents such as radiation and noise. These reports include traditional mammalian neurotoxicology experiments, human studies, studies using non-mammalian animal models, and mechanistic studies in vivo or in vitro. Special Issues, Reviews, Commentaries, Meeting Reports, and Symposium Papers provide timely updates on areas that have reached a critical point of synthesis, on aspects of a scientific field undergoing rapid change, or on areas that present special methodological or interpretive problems. Theoretical Articles address concepts and potential mechanisms underlying actions of agents of interest in the nervous system. The Journal also publishes Brief Communications that concisely describe a new method, technique, apparatus, or experimental result.
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