焦虑个体的风险和损失厌恶以及对COVID和疫苗的态度

Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.5334/cpsy.115
Filippo Ferrari, Jesse Alexander, Peggy Seriès
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引用次数: 0

摘要

焦虑的个体在经济赌博任务和日常生活决策中表现出决策障碍。这种损害可能是由于对结果不确定性的厌恶(风险厌恶)和/或对负面结果的厌恶(损失厌恶)。我们研究了具有高水平广泛性焦虑障碍症状(GAD)的非临床个体(N = 54)与焦虑程度较低的受试者(N = 61)在在线赌博决策任务中的表现,该任务旨在分离风险厌恶和损失厌恶对决策的不同影响。通过使用来自前景理论的计算模型对受试者的选择进行建模,并使用层次贝叶斯方法进行拟合,我们估计了个体的风险和损失厌恶程度。我们还将这些参数的估计与COVID大流行期间个人厌恶风险行为的倾向联系起来,例如佩戴更安全类型的口罩或完成COVID疫苗接种课程。我们报告,与焦虑程度较低的个体相比,GAD水平较高的个体对损失的厌恶程度有所增加,而对风险的厌恶程度没有差异。我们还报告,在本文研究的实验条件和激励方案下,没有证据表明风险和损失厌恶与对COVID和疫苗的态度之间存在联系。这些结果揭示了焦虑与风险和损失厌恶的相互作用,并为临床干预提供了有益的指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Risk and Loss Aversion and Attitude to COVID and Vaccines in Anxious Individuals.

Anxious individuals are known to show impaired decision-making in economic gambling task and in everyday life decisions. This impairment can be due to aversion to uncertainty about outcomes (risk aversion) and/or aversion to negative outcomes (loss aversion). We investigate how non-clinical individuals with high levels of Generalised Anxiety Disorder symptoms (GAD) (N = 54) behave compared to less anxious subjects (N = 61) in a gambling decision-making task delivered online and designed to separate the distinct influences of risk and loss aversion on decision-making. By modelling subjects' choices using computational models derived from Prospect Theory and fitted using Hierarchical Bayesian methods, we estimate individual levels of risk and loss aversion. We also link estimates of these parameters to individual propensity to risk averse behaviours during the COVID pandemic, like wearing safer types of face masks, or completing a COVID vaccination course. We report increased loss aversion in individuals with increased level of GAD compared to less anxious individuals and no differences in risk aversion. We also report no evidence for a link between risk and loss aversion and attitudes towards COVID and vaccines, under the experimental conditions and incentive scheme studied here. These results shed new light on the interplay of anxiety and risk and loss aversion and they can provide useful directions for clinical intervention.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
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审稿时长
17 weeks
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