海相多（超）深埋地层天然气差异成藏主控因素研究

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Organic Geochemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104918

Zezhang Song , Ziyu Zhang , Bing Luo , Wenjin Zhang , Changqi Liu , Xingwang Tian , Dailin Yang , Luya Wu , Bingfei Ge , Shigui Jin , Jiutao Yuan

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引用次数: 0

摘要

超深层天然气具有埋藏深度大、成熟度高、生物标志物有限、气源关系复杂等特点。超深层天然气成藏在长期演化过程中经历了复杂的改造过程，这给明确天然气成藏的控制因素带来了挑战。川中蓬莱气区震旦系灯影组（Z2dn）至二叠系茅口组（P2m）多（超）深海相碳酸盐岩成藏。利用无监督机器学习算法对天然气成分和同位素（δ13C和δ2H）进行聚类分析。结合储层微观分析、干酪根和固体沥青同位素（δ13C）数据；白云岩的δ18O、δ13C和87Sr/86Sr)，以及流体包裹体分析，确定多相海相碳酸盐岩地层天然气成藏的主控因素。结果表明：(1)蓬莱气区z2dn ~ p2m地层天然气以干气为主；0.996)。其中，Z2dn天然气非烃含量高，C2H6、δ13CC2H6、δ2HCH4含量低。相反，寒武纪（Є）天然气表现出相反的特征。P2m天然气C2H6较高，δ13CC2H6和δ2HCH4值较大。(2)蓬莱气区Z2dn-P2m天然气为石油裂解气，主要来源为Є1q。由于成熟度高，烃类气体以CH4为主。He和N2均为深部无机源，富集程度不同。受热液蚀变和TSR的影响，Z2dn中H2S和CO2富集。天然气中的δ13CC2H6依次为：Z2dn >；P2m祝辞寒武纪。天然气δ13CCH4的大小顺序为：Z2dn≥P2m >；寒武纪。(3)蓬莱气区Z2dn-P2m差异成藏主要受多源岩、深部热液改造、走滑断裂等多种因素影响。

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Study on the main controlling factors on the differential accumulation of natural gas in multiple (ultra-)deeply-buried marine strata

Ultra-deep natural gas is characterized by significant burial depth, high maturity, limited biomarkers, and complicated gas-source relationships. Ultra-deep gas accumulations generally underwent complex modifications during their long evolution, making it challenging to clarify the controlling factors of gas accumulation. This study focuses on gas accumulations in multiple (ultra-)deep marine carbonate strata, ranging from the Sinian Dengying (Z₂dn) to the Permian Maokou (P₂m) formations, in the Penglai gas area of the central Sichuan Basin. Using unsupervised machine learning algorithms, we conducted clustering analysis on natural gas composition and isotopes (δ¹³C and δ²H). Furthermore, we combined reservoir microscopic analysis, isotope data (δ¹³C of kerogen and solid bitumen; and δ¹⁸O, δ¹³C, and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr of dolomite), and fluid inclusion analysis to determine the main controlling factors that differentiate gas accumulation in multiple marine carbonate strata. The results indicate that: (1) Natural gases from Z₂dn-P₂m strata in the Penglai gas area are mainly dry gas (dryness > 0.996). Specifically, Z₂dn natural gas exhibits high non-hydrocarbon content, low C₂H₆, δ¹³C_C₂H₆, and δ²H_CH₄. Conversely, the Cambrian (Є) natural gas demonstrates the opposite characteristics. The natural gas in P₂m has relatively high C₂H₆, greater δ¹³C_C₂H₆ and δ²H_CH₄ values. (2) The natural gas from Z₂dn-P₂m in the Penglai gas area is oil-cracking gas and mainly sourced from Є₁q. Due to maturity, hydrocarbon gases are dominated by CH₄. He and N₂ are from inorganic, deep Earth sources and show differential enrichment. Influenced by hydrothermal alteration and TSR, H₂S and CO₂ are enriched in Z₂dn. The δ¹³C_C₂_H₆ in natural gas follows the order: Z₂dn > P₂m > Cambrian. The δ¹³C_CH₄ in natural gas follows the order: Z₂dn ≥ P₂m > Cambrian. (3) Overall, the Z₂dn-P₂m differential accumulation in the Penglai gas area is primarily influenced by various factors, including multiple source rocks, deep hydrothermal transformation, and strike-slip faults.

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来源期刊

Organic Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.70%

发文量

100

审稿时长

61 days

期刊介绍： Organic Geochemistry serves as the only dedicated medium for the publication of peer-reviewed research on all phases of geochemistry in which organic compounds play a major role. The Editors welcome contributions covering a wide spectrum of subjects in the geosciences broadly based on organic chemistry (including molecular and isotopic geochemistry), and involving geology, biogeochemistry, environmental geochemistry, chemical oceanography and hydrology. The scope of the journal includes research involving petroleum (including natural gas), coal, organic matter in the aqueous environment and recent sediments, organic-rich rocks and soils and the role of organics in the geochemical cycling of the elements. Sedimentological, paleontological and organic petrographic studies will also be considered for publication, provided that they are geochemically oriented. Papers cover the full range of research activities in organic geochemistry, and include comprehensive review articles, technical communications, discussion/reply correspondence and short technical notes. Peer-reviews organised through three Chief Editors and a staff of Associate Editors, are conducted by well known, respected scientists from academia, government and industry. The journal also publishes reviews of books, announcements of important conferences and meetings and other matters of direct interest to the organic geochemical community.