The SWOT analysis of China's strategy for addressing marine plastic pollution in the context of global plastic treaty negotiations

Marine plastic pollution poses a severe threat to the environment and human society, demanding urgent global action. However, efforts are hindered by fragmented legal frameworks, unclear responsibilities, and weak enforcement. The ongoing negotiations on the Draft International Legally Binding Instrument on Plastic Pollution, hereinafter referred to as the “Global Plastic Treaty”, may present a potential breakthrough. However, significant differences persist, and by December 2024, negotiations have stalled. This paper uses SWOT analysis to assess China's strategy and role in tackling the marine plastic pollutions and its position in the current negotiations. Strengths include its policy experience, industrial capacity, and governance potential, while weaknesses include regional disparities and technological gaps. China faces opportunities for international cooperation but also challenges in compliance and trade. It should leverage its industrial strengths, pursue technological advancements, and seek global cooperation to tackle marine plastic pollution effectively. In negotiations, China should uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and advocate for the regulation of plastic products based on their hazard classification.