Temporal trends in cardiovascular mortality among patients with hematological malignancies: a 20-year perspective.

Background: We present an analysis of cardiovascular-related deaths specific to hematological cancer patients in the United States from 1999 to 2020, examining trends in relation to age, gender, and type of hematological cancer.

Research design and methods: Utilizing the Multiple Cause of Death databases, our research included 88,146 decedents with cardiovascular primary cause of death and with hematologic disease. We determined the percentage of cardiovascular deaths associated with each disease category. Furthermore, we developed age-adjusted mortality rates, categorizing them based on sex, age, race, Latino origin, and the type of hematological cancer.

Results: Between 1999 and 2020, there was a decreasing temporal trend in overall cardiovascular mortality for lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma (-38.8% -31.8% & -29.4%). The most common cardiovascular mortality cause in the hematological malignancy population was ischemic heart disease, followed by cerebrovascular disease (53.4%, 20.2%). African American, Asian, and White patients showed decreasing for overall CV death for all hematological malignancies, with African American subgroups showing the lowest mortality reduction over time (AAMR: -26.8%, -41.2%, -33.3%). However, hypertension mortality increased for most racial groups.

Conclusions: Over the last 2 decades, the rate of cardiovascular mortality amongst patients with underlying hematological malignancy has decreased.