Hierarchical porous carbon derived from Strychnos Potatorum Seeds as biowaste for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes with enhanced voltage and energy density with commercial mass loading

Supercapacitors are vital components for powering next-generation portable electronics due to their ability to deliver rapid bursts of energy. However, achieving high energy density and long lifespans has traditionally relied on materials that are either not readily available or not environmentally friendly. This study addresses this challenge by introducing a novel approach for creating high-performance supercapacitor electrodes from a sustainable source: Strychnos Potatorum Seeds (SPS), a readily available bio-based product. The study details the conversion of these seeds into hierarchical high surface area bi-model porous carbon. This unique structure boasts a remarkable surface area of 1650 m²g⁻¹, which is crucial for efficient energy storage. Leveraging this innovative material, the researchers were able to create supercapacitor electrodes with a compelling combination of properties. These electrodes demonstrate a wide operating voltage of 3.0 V, signifying a larger operating window for energy storage device. Additionally, they exhibit a high volumetric capacitance of 76 Fcm⁻³, indicating the ability to deliver substantial power in a compact space. Importantly, the electrodes maintain excellent rate capability even at commercially relevant mass loadings, ensuring their functionality in real-world applications. Perhaps even more impressive is their exceptional durability, retaining 95 % of their capacitance after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles at 4 Ag⁻¹, 3.0 V. This research paves the way for the development of sustainable and high-performance supercapacitor, marking a significant step forward for powering portable and wearable electronics in an eco-conscious manner.