Polymer and nanocomposite fillers as advanced materials in biomedical applications

Polymer nanocomposites exhibit advanced mechanical, catalytic, magnetic, and bioactive properties, making them invaluable in areas such as tissue engineering, where their tunable degradation and mechanical profiles contribute to successful tissue repair and regeneration. Despite significant progress, challenges remain, particularly in achieving uniform nanofiller distribution and predicting functional outcomes. Furthermore, the clinical translation of these materials is limited by gaps in toxicity assessment, biodegradation evaluation, and comprehensive in vivo studies. The exploration of supramolecular polymer nanocomposites remains in its infancy but holds immense promise for advancing nanomedical therapies. This review underscores the need for focused research on biocompatibility, functional predictability, and the integration of polymer nanocomposites into clinical diagnostics and therapeutic applications to bridge current limitations and unlock their full potential in the field of biomedicine.