Laura Pedraza, Olga Laosa, Rocío Segovia-Moreno, Álvaro Alcalá, María Isabel Tornero-López, Germán Corral-Muñoz, Patricia López, Jose Antonio Carnicero, Maria Ramirez, Maria Camprubi, Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
{"title":"COVID-19患者出院后的长期临床、营养和功能结局","authors":"Laura Pedraza, Olga Laosa, Rocío Segovia-Moreno, Álvaro Alcalá, María Isabel Tornero-López, Germán Corral-Muñoz, Patricia López, Jose Antonio Carnicero, Maria Ramirez, Maria Camprubi, Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas","doi":"10.1002/rco2.97","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Long-term nutritional and functional status after hospitalization due to COVID-19 has been poorly described. We show the physical and nutritional stata and the symptoms compatible with Long-COVID in patients who survived after an episode of hospitalization due to COVID-19 and the associated factors.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Single-center prospective observational study. Clinical, nutritional, and physical function data were assessed in 345 subjects over 18 years of age hospitalized in an university hospital for a diagnosis of COVID-19 in 2020 at three different times of follow-up: 6 (<i>n</i> = 118), 9 (<i>n</i> = 115), and 15 months (<i>n</i> = 112) after discharge. All survivors discharged during each of those periods were called consecutively at the times of follow-up in order to collect data about their nutritional and functional stata, and long-COVID symptoms.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The mean age of the 345 subjects included in the present study was 62.8 years (<i>SD</i> 15.8), and 180 (52.2%) were men. The mean number of comorbidities was 2.6 (<i>SD</i> 2.1). After a mean follow-up time of 10.2 ± 3.2 months, mean Barthel score showed a decrease of 2.00 (<i>SD</i> 0.12) points, that showed to be consistent disregarding the time after discharge (6 months: 1.71 ± 4.8; 9 months: 2.17 ± 5.97; 15 months: 2.20 ± 5.25). The risk factors associated with worsening in the Barthel index score were basal Barthel index [BI < 95; odds ratio (OR): 3.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–8.85], age (OR: 1.03, CI: 1.00–1.06, per year), having comorbidities (≥3 pathologies) (OR: 1.98, CI: 1.00–3.90), and female sex (OR: 2.68, CI: 1.47–4.90). Self-reported Long-COVID symptoms were frequent, mainly those related to functioning: fatigue/tiredness (39.4%), decreased mobility (16.2%), and subjective loss of muscle mass/strength (15.9%) plus mental complaints (depression/anxiety; 20.6%). Decreased mobility (OR 7.82, CI: 3.69–16.55), cognitive impairment (OR 6.76, CI: 2.22–20.58) and a score in SARC-F ≥ 2 (OR: 3.89; CI: 2.03–7.49) at follow-up were associated to the worsening in BI. BMI showed a modest, non-significant decrease at 6 months (−0.3 ± 1.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), that was fully recovered in the longest follow-up period (+0.4 ± 2.1).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Admission for COVID-19 produces a significant functional loose, mainly in those who are older, female, and with a poor basal functional status and comorbidities. This impairment does not recover spontaneously and is a main component of the long-term COVID-19 symptoms.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":"7 2","pages":"99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rco2.97","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Long-term clinical, nutritional, and functional outcomes of COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge\",\"authors\":\"Laura Pedraza, Olga Laosa, Rocío Segovia-Moreno, Álvaro Alcalá, María Isabel Tornero-López, Germán Corral-Muñoz, Patricia López, Jose Antonio Carnicero, Maria Ramirez, Maria Camprubi, Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/rco2.97\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>Long-term nutritional and functional status after hospitalization due to COVID-19 has been poorly described. We show the physical and nutritional stata and the symptoms compatible with Long-COVID in patients who survived after an episode of hospitalization due to COVID-19 and the associated factors.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>Single-center prospective observational study. Clinical, nutritional, and physical function data were assessed in 345 subjects over 18 years of age hospitalized in an university hospital for a diagnosis of COVID-19 in 2020 at three different times of follow-up: 6 (<i>n</i> = 118), 9 (<i>n</i> = 115), and 15 months (<i>n</i> = 112) after discharge. All survivors discharged during each of those periods were called consecutively at the times of follow-up in order to collect data about their nutritional and functional stata, and long-COVID symptoms.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>The mean age of the 345 subjects included in the present study was 62.8 years (<i>SD</i> 15.8), and 180 (52.2%) were men. The mean number of comorbidities was 2.6 (<i>SD</i> 2.1). After a mean follow-up time of 10.2 ± 3.2 months, mean Barthel score showed a decrease of 2.00 (<i>SD</i> 0.12) points, that showed to be consistent disregarding the time after discharge (6 months: 1.71 ± 4.8; 9 months: 2.17 ± 5.97; 15 months: 2.20 ± 5.25). The risk factors associated with worsening in the Barthel index score were basal Barthel index [BI < 95; odds ratio (OR): 3.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–8.85], age (OR: 1.03, CI: 1.00–1.06, per year), having comorbidities (≥3 pathologies) (OR: 1.98, CI: 1.00–3.90), and female sex (OR: 2.68, CI: 1.47–4.90). Self-reported Long-COVID symptoms were frequent, mainly those related to functioning: fatigue/tiredness (39.4%), decreased mobility (16.2%), and subjective loss of muscle mass/strength (15.9%) plus mental complaints (depression/anxiety; 20.6%). Decreased mobility (OR 7.82, CI: 3.69–16.55), cognitive impairment (OR 6.76, CI: 2.22–20.58) and a score in SARC-F ≥ 2 (OR: 3.89; CI: 2.03–7.49) at follow-up were associated to the worsening in BI. BMI showed a modest, non-significant decrease at 6 months (−0.3 ± 1.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), that was fully recovered in the longest follow-up period (+0.4 ± 2.1).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>Admission for COVID-19 produces a significant functional loose, mainly in those who are older, female, and with a poor basal functional status and comorbidities. This impairment does not recover spontaneously and is a main component of the long-term COVID-19 symptoms.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":73544,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"JCSM rapid communications\",\"volume\":\"7 2\",\"pages\":\"99-106\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rco2.97\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"JCSM rapid communications\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rco2.97\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JCSM rapid communications","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rco2.97","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Long-term clinical, nutritional, and functional outcomes of COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge
Background
Long-term nutritional and functional status after hospitalization due to COVID-19 has been poorly described. We show the physical and nutritional stata and the symptoms compatible with Long-COVID in patients who survived after an episode of hospitalization due to COVID-19 and the associated factors.
Methods
Single-center prospective observational study. Clinical, nutritional, and physical function data were assessed in 345 subjects over 18 years of age hospitalized in an university hospital for a diagnosis of COVID-19 in 2020 at three different times of follow-up: 6 (n = 118), 9 (n = 115), and 15 months (n = 112) after discharge. All survivors discharged during each of those periods were called consecutively at the times of follow-up in order to collect data about their nutritional and functional stata, and long-COVID symptoms.
Results
The mean age of the 345 subjects included in the present study was 62.8 years (SD 15.8), and 180 (52.2%) were men. The mean number of comorbidities was 2.6 (SD 2.1). After a mean follow-up time of 10.2 ± 3.2 months, mean Barthel score showed a decrease of 2.00 (SD 0.12) points, that showed to be consistent disregarding the time after discharge (6 months: 1.71 ± 4.8; 9 months: 2.17 ± 5.97; 15 months: 2.20 ± 5.25). The risk factors associated with worsening in the Barthel index score were basal Barthel index [BI < 95; odds ratio (OR): 3.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–8.85], age (OR: 1.03, CI: 1.00–1.06, per year), having comorbidities (≥3 pathologies) (OR: 1.98, CI: 1.00–3.90), and female sex (OR: 2.68, CI: 1.47–4.90). Self-reported Long-COVID symptoms were frequent, mainly those related to functioning: fatigue/tiredness (39.4%), decreased mobility (16.2%), and subjective loss of muscle mass/strength (15.9%) plus mental complaints (depression/anxiety; 20.6%). Decreased mobility (OR 7.82, CI: 3.69–16.55), cognitive impairment (OR 6.76, CI: 2.22–20.58) and a score in SARC-F ≥ 2 (OR: 3.89; CI: 2.03–7.49) at follow-up were associated to the worsening in BI. BMI showed a modest, non-significant decrease at 6 months (−0.3 ± 1.7 kg/m2), that was fully recovered in the longest follow-up period (+0.4 ± 2.1).
Conclusions
Admission for COVID-19 produces a significant functional loose, mainly in those who are older, female, and with a poor basal functional status and comorbidities. This impairment does not recover spontaneously and is a main component of the long-term COVID-19 symptoms.
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