Smart Gas Sensors Toward Signal and Data Processing: A Review

In recent years, there has been an escalating interest in the development of rapid, portable, and highly sensitive gas sensors with exceptional recognition capabilities. This heightened focus is driven by the burgeoning need for public safety inspections, stringent food quality control, and robust environmental monitoring. Traditional gas sensors, however, have encountered limitations such as cross-sensitivity and constrained selectivity, posing significant challenges in the effective detection and analysis of multicomponent gases through a singular sensor platform. Consequently, the establishment of a sophisticated gas sensing system, employing a high-dimensional response mode through sensor arrays, becomes imperative for the precise quantification of mixed gases. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of advanced smart gas sensors, delving into the latest developments in sensing materials, signal processing techniques for effective dimension reduction and feature extraction, as well as a variety of innovative pattern recognition algorithms. Our exploration of these cutting-edge technologies aims to furnish an exhaustive understanding of the capabilities and future potential of smart gas sensors. Moreover, we venture into the diverse applications of these sensors, spanning from disease diagnosis to smart city implementations, underscoring their significant contributions to healthcare, environmental sustainability, and urban development. Through this detailed review, we aspire to not only elucidate the current state of smart gas sensor technology but also to spark further innovation and exploration in this dynamic field.