Low-Latency Deep Analog Speech Transmission Using Joint Source Channel Coding

Low-latency configurable speech transmission presents significant challenges in modern communication systems. Traditional methods rely on separate source and channel coding, which often degrades performance under low-latency constraints. Moreover, non-configurable systems require separate training for each condition, limiting their adaptability in resource-constrained scenarios. This paper proposes a configurable low-latency deep Joint Source-Channel Coding (JSCC) system for speech transmission. The system can be configured for varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), wireless channel conditions, or bandwidths. A joint source-channel encoder based on deep neural networks (DNN) is used to compress and transmit analog-coded information, while a configurable decoder reconstructs speech from noisy compressed signals. The system latency is adaptable based on the input speech length, achieving a minimum latency of 2 ms, with a lightweight architecture of 25 k parameters, significantly fewer than state-of-the-art systems. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms conventional separate source-channel coding systems in terms of speech quality and intelligibility, particularly in low-latency and noisy channel conditions. It also shows robustness in fixed configured scenarios, though higher latency conditions and better channel environments favor traditional coding systems.